Research On The Legal Mechanism Of The River Chief System

In order to reduce the global ecological pressure and control environmental protection within an affordable range,China pays more and more attention to environmental protection.The construction of ecological civilization is one of the major contents of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics,which requires the long-term unremitting efforts of all sectors of society.As an important task of ecological civilization construction,river and lake protection has been paid more and more attention by the central government and the State Council,and has been listed as the focus of river and lake protection projects.However,with the rapid development of China’s economy and society,new problems have emerged in lake management,such as the drying up of rivers,the deterioration of Lake area and the decline of river and lake functions,which pose a serious challenge to our work of ensuring water security.However,the solution of these problems needs the strong support of the national system,and the river head system came into being in this case.Strengthening the implementation of the river head system,ensuring the full implementation of the river head system,strengthening the implementation of the river head system and giving full play to the role of the river head system in protecting the environment has irreplaceable guiding significance for promoting the overall improvement of the water ecological environment,ensuring the sustainable utilization of the functions of rivers and lakes and maintaining the healthy development of rivers and lakes.Premier Li Keqiang stressed that the wetlands on both sides of the river are the rich green precious wealth brought by natural civilization to mankind.We should cherish and take care of them and not allow the priceless treasure endowed by nature to be irreparably damaged.River length system is a newly emerging local environmental policy system in China in recent ten years.In practice,river length can be divided into "official river length" and "folk river length".The object of this paper is mainly the "official river head system",which is widely used in practice,that is,the main leaders of the party and government at all levels act as the river head and are responsible for the pollution control in the area under their jurisdiction.The basic idea is that the main leaders of the party and government at all levels shall serve as the river directors in their own areas,and reward and punish them through strict evaluation and assessment mechanism by means of target decomposition and water environment treatment under the guidance of water pollution prevention and control planning.This paper analyzes the concept of river head system,defines the nature of river head system,analyzes and discusses the local experience and innovation of river head system in Jiangsu,Guizhou and Sichuan with several typical cases,and analyzes the current situation and obstacles of river head system in China.Finally,in view of the problems existing in the river head system,this paper puts forward some suggestions on establishing a legal mechanism of the river head system in line with the actual situation of China’s rivers.In addition to the introduction,which introduces the relevant research discussion,research background and significance of the river head system at home and abroad,this paper mainly consists of four parts:The first part is the source and basic theory of the river head system.Firstly,by introducing the establishment of a new river head responsibility system initiated by Wuxi City,Jiangsu Province in 2007,it introduces the source and development of the river head system in detail,and then expounds the legal mechanism,concept,characteristics and content of the legal mechanism of the river head system.The second part discusses the legislative status and implementation obstacles of the legal mechanism of the river head system in China.Firstly,it introduces the legislative status of the legal mechanism of the river head system to understand a situation of the current legislation.Then it analyzes the obstacles to the implementation of the legal mechanism of the river head system,mainly including five aspects: the lack of leading legal norms of the river head system,the fuzzy assessment standards of the river head system,the excessive dependence of the river head system on the responsible subject,the imperfect supervision system of the river head system,the natural logic error of the river head system and so on.The third part is the local practice and typical case analysis of the legal mechanism of river head system at home and abroad.Firstly,it intercepts the typical cases of the legal mechanism of river head system in three regions of China,including the river head system pioneered in Wuxi,Jiangsu,the new way of pollution prevention and control in Sancha River Basin,Guizhou and the legalization of Chengdu river and Lake Management in Sichuan,so as to find out innovation and experience for reference.Then it analyzes the legal mechanisms related to or similar functions of the excellent River director system in foreign countries,and investigates and draws lessons from it.It mainly analyzes the establishment of the national marine protected area network system in Canada,the optimized watershed management measures of Murray Darling in Australia,and the rural diversion sewage treatment in Germany.The fourth part is aimed at the legislative obstacles proposed in the second part,combined with the relevant experience of the third part,to further improve the legal mechanism of river head system in China: improve the legal and regulatory system of river head system,clarify the terms of reference of river head system,improve the accountability system of river head system,establish public participation and supervision mechanism,establish overall thinking and strengthen River Basin coordination and linkage mechanism,etc.