Association Between Physical Fitness And Morphological Characteristics In Tennis Athletes And Serve Speed

In recent years,scholars in China have been exploring the physical characteristics and evaluation standards that affect the performance of tennis athletes,and have put forward many scientific training theories and guidance.However,the physical fitness research of the tennis serve section lacks systematic and scientific theoretical support.In this study,an index system of the fitness structure and elements of tennis serve is designed based on the tennis serve action pattern.The correlation between the variables and the serve speed is determined by combining the physical fitness and morphological characteristics of tennis athletes.After analyzing,establish a regression model to predict serve speed,and finally scientifically show the relationship between the tennis player’s special fitness and morphological characteristic and serve speed in a concrete and computable form.This paper uses research methods such as literature data method,questionnaire survey method,field test method,and data statistics method.51 tennis athletes(26males and 25 females)from high-level sports teams of universities in Beijing participate in the special physical fitness and the shape test.Then analyze the characteristics and differences of the test results,explore the correlation between the variables and serve speed,and regress to the serve speed.The main results are as following:1.In terms of morphological characteristics,height and arm stretching height of both male and female tennis athletes have significant positive correlation with serve speed,male atheletes’height correlation coefficient(r)is 0.50(p=0.10)and female atheletes’is 0.59(p=0.002).Correlation coefficient(r)of arm stretching height in male atheletes is 0.45(p=0.021)and in female athletes is 0.62(p=0.001).There is also a significant positive correlation between female athletes’weight,lean body mass and skeletal muscle content and serve speed.The correlation coefficient of skeletal muscle content is the highest(r=0.75,p=0.000),followed by weight(r=0.62,p=0.001).The minimum is lean body mass(r=0.47,p=0.017).2.In terms of physical fitness,there is a significant positive correlation between explosive power of the lower limb and serve speed.The vertical jump correlation coefficient(r)is 0.43(p=0.028),the standing leap is 0.54(p=0.004).There is a significant positive correlation between strength of women’s upper and lower limb and serve speed.The correlation coefficient(r)of grip strength is 0.61(p=0.001)and the correlation coefficient(r)of strength of the posterior femoral muscle group is 0.54(p=0.006).3.Establish a regression model from body shape to serve speed.The height of male athletes has a significant linear relationship with serve speed(p=0.010).The judgment coefficient(R~2)is 0.21.The regression model for calculating the serve speed is Y=-70.985+1.363X,X represents height(cm).The skeletal muscle content of female athletes shows a significant linear relationship(p=0.000).The judgment coefficient(R~2)is 0.536.The regression model for calculating the serve speed is Y=51.661+3.676X,X represents skeletal muscle content(kg).4.Establish a regression model based on special physical fitness to serve speed.The male athletes’standing leap is significant(p=0.004).The judgment coefficient(R~2)is 0.262.The regression model for calculating standing leap and serve speed is:Y=80.147+0.343X,X represents stadning leap(cm).The grip strength of female athletes is significant(p=0.001).The regression model for calculating grip strength and serve speed is:Y=112.231+0.799X,X represents grip strength(kg).Conclusion:1.Tennis athletes’height and arm streching height are positively correlated with the serve speed.The female athletes have the highest degree of correlation between skeletal muscle content and serves speed,followed by weight and lean weight.2.The explosive force of lower limb of male athletes is positively correlated with the serve speed,the grip strength and the strength of posterior femoral muscle group of female athletes are positively correlated with the serve speed.3.The male tennis athletes’regression prediction model for serve speed based on height or standing leap are Y=-70.985+1.363X(X:height,cm)and Y=80.147+0.343X(X:standing leap,cm).4.The female tennis athletes’regression prediction model for serve speed based on skeletal muscle content or grip strenth are Y=51.661+3.676X(X:skeletal muscle content,kg)and Y=112.231+0.799X(X:grip strength,kg).