The Influence Of Basic Endowment Insurance On The Labor Participation Of The Rural Middle-aged And Old People

Since the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,how to promote the balanced and full development of the social security system has been put on the agenda.To minimize the risk of population aging,and to give full play to the vitality of the aging population has become one of the development goals.With the arrival of aging society,the situation of labor supply in China is undergoing dramatic changes.In addition,a large number of young and middle-aged labor in rural areas will go to more developed areas for development,so the aging problem in rural areas is particularly serious.In 2014,the basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents(hereinafter as the basic endowment insurance)has guaranteed the basic economic needs of the rural elderly population and strengthened the ability to resist the pension risk.However,what impact this policy has had on the labor force participation of the middle-aged and elderly in rural areas needs to be addressed urgently.Based on the 2011 national baseline data and 2015 tracking data of China’s health and pension tracking survey,the impact of basic pension insurance on the labor participation of rural middle-aged and elderly was evaluated.(1)Through the relevant literature and policies at home and abroad,this dissertation analyzes the impact mechanism of basic endowment insurance on the labor participation of the middle-aged and elderly in rural areas.(2)According to the five indicators of personal basic characteristics,family characteristics,health status,income and family assets,based on the two periods of panel data before and after the implementation of the policy,combined with the tendency score obtained by Logit model,PSM-DID model was established,and the robustness test was carried out to evaluate the impact of participating in the basic endowment insurance on the breadth and depth of rural middle-aged and old people’s labor participation.The heterogeneity was analyzed from different ages,genders and regions.(3)Based on the actual basic endowment insurance income received by the rural elderly who participated in the basic endowment insurance in 2015,this dissertation analyzes the impact of the basic endowment insurance income level on the breadth and depth of labor participation of the rural elderly by using the Probit model and Tobit model,and tests the robustness by using the IV Probit model and IV Tobit model.The heterogeneity was analyzed from different ages,genders and regions.The results show that:(1)compared with those who do not participate in the basic endowment insurance of urban and rural residents,participating in the basic endowment insurance will increase the participation of rural middle-aged and old people in agricultural labor,reduce the participation of self-employed family labor,change the rural labor structure,and more rural middle-aged and old people stay in the local to engage in agricultural labor.(2)The promotion of the level of basic endowment insurance can effectively reduce the labor participation of the elderly in rural areas.The higher the income level of the basic endowment insurance actually received,the lower the labor participation.(3)The rural middle-aged and elderly people over 75 years old and the female middle-aged and elderly people are more sensitive to the basic endowment insurance.The basic endowment insurance in the eastern and central areas has a significant impact on the labor participation of the rural elderly,while the western area has no significant impact.According to the above research,it is proposed that we should increase the publicity of basic endowment insurance;increase the support for basic endowment insurance policies;promote balanced development in all regions;promote land circulation,and broaden the income channels of the rural middle-aged and elderly.