Research On The Construction Of Basic Grade System Of School Gymnastic Skills

Since the 18 th National Congress of the Party proposed to deepen the comprehensive reform in the field of education,the State Council and the Ministry of Education have issued a series of documents clarifying the work objectives of speeding up the construction of the basic sports system in schools and teaching students sports skills.In 2014,the Department of Physical Education of the Ministry of Education established the "National School Sports Union(Gymnastics)" to launch the development of students’ sports skills standards(Gymnastics),Shenyang Institute of Physical Education as the lead unit for the establishment of school gymnastics grade standards and competition specific implementation,management.The State Sports Administration also said in the "Conference on Vigorous Reform and Strengthening Youth Sports Work" that it is necessary to train sports talents to start with the doll and establish young people.In response to the realistic demand of national policy and school physical education reform,the establishment of school gymnastics rating standard needs to be started urgently,so it is imperative to determine the standards of school gymnastics levels and the prescribed gymnastic moves.Based on Technical Rating Standards for Level II and III Gymnasts with the Specified Moves and Scoring Rules for Rated Gymnast attached,Exercise Standards of National Happy Gymnastics,Adolescent Gymnastics Skill Level Standards and Test Methods,National Juvenile Gymnastics Syllabus,Specified Movements and Scoring Standard for Chinese Junior Gymnastics Competition(Male and Female),Course Standards of Physical Education and Health together with related gymnastics teaching materials,this study seeks to establish a rating system of school gymnastics skill level.In this paper,expert interview,questionnaire survey,content analysis and other methods were adopted to establish the rating standards of school gymnastics skills.Scientific and reasonable movements and combinations of floor exercise are selected to study the prescribed movements.The research results are as follows:(1)Through the collation of domestic and foreign literature and the reference of expert opinions,the educational connotation,basic principles,theoretical and practical basis of the establishment of school gymnastic rating standards were clarified.(2)According to the research,school gymnastics skill standards can be divided into five levels: level one(Grade one,Grade two),level two(Grade three,Grade four),level three(Grade five,Grade six),level Four(Junior high school),level five(Senior High School).(3)The school gymnastics skill level test is determined to include five items: men’s and women’s floor exercise,men’s and women’s horizontal bar,men’s parallel bar,women’s balance beam,men’s and women’s box horse/ jumping box five.Only floor exercise is included for the test of level one students.(4)The content analysis method is used to analyze the types and difficulty movements of each version of floor exercise,and the primary indexes are selected through questionnaire survey,so as to preliminarily determine the difficult movements of men’s and women’s floor exercises at all levels in the school gymnastics skill level.(5)Based on the analysis of the differences and arrangement features of the difficult movements of men and women at all levels,and combined with the expert interview opinions,this paper finally forms a total of nine sets of required moves for men’s and women’s floor exercise at five school gymnastics skill levels.The research on the rating standards of school gymnastics skill and the determination of specific moves require not only the unanimous recognition of experts in all aspects,but also practical tests.In practice,more new research is needed.This paper focuses at the establishment of the technical rating standards of school gymnastics only and makes some preliminary research with the prescribed movement of floor exercise as an example.The research results are to be submitted to the leading unit of “National School Sports League(Gymnastics)”(Shenyang Sports University)for reference.