| Introduction:Walking is not only a measure of the elderly’s daily life ability,but also one of the most convenient and commonly used exercise method for the elderly.Early studies have shown that increasing walking speed is benefit to improving the cardiopulmonary function and lower limb muscle strength of the elderly.However,as the elderly’s age increase,the muscle strength of the foot weakens,and walking exercise may cause damage to the relevant areas of the foot.The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of regularly increasing walking speed on the sole pressure of elderly women within a certain range,suppose that increasing the walking speed of elderly women reduces the load on the forefoot of the dual-support phase and increases the load on the heel.Method:Ten elderly women participated in the test,before the experiment half of the year,the participants all had no lower limb injuries and diseases that affect gait,and them were all infrequent athletes people and had not participated in any systematic professional training.The treadmill and metronome were used to test the cadence of the elderly walking at a normal pace,3km/h and 4km/h walking speed’s pace.The subjects randomly obtained three pace(98.00±1.05,105.00±0.82,118.00±1.25),under the bare feet,perform five effective foot pressure tests.The foot pressure test uses the Belgium RSscan company’s Footscan plate system,which is a two-meter force plate with 16384 pressure sensors and a scan rate of 500 HZ.Statistical data analysis using SPSS 19.0 software,using one-way analysis of variance(One-way ANOVA)and multiple comparison test(LSD)statistical analysis method to analyze the significance of differences between normal pace,3km/h and 4km/h pace’s test indicators,and the significance level is set at 0.05.Results: 1)In the dual-support phase,the ground contact time at 4km/h is significantly less than 3km/h;in the single-support phase,the ground contact time at 4km/h is significantly less than the normal pace,and there is no significant difference between 3km/h and 4km/h;the step length at 3km/h and 4km/h is significantly larger than the normal pace.2)In the dual support phase,in the medial heel area(HM left)and the fourth metatarsal area(left M4),the maximum force at 4km/h is significantly greater than 3km/h,and the force time integral is significantly less than the normal pace,in the lateral heel area(HL left)and the second metatarsal area(M2 left,M2 right),the force time integral at 4km/h is significantly less than3km/h;in the single support phase,the peak pressure at 4km/h in the medial heel area(HM left)3.The maximum force is significantly greater than 3km/h.In the fourth metatarsal area(M4left),the peak pressure,maximum force,and force time integral at 4km/h are significantly greater than 3km/h.In the third metatarsal area(M3 left),4km/h the integral of down force time is significantly greater than the normal pace.In the big toe area(right of T1),the peak pressure,maximum force and force time integral at 3km/h are significantly greater than the normal pace.3)The foot axis angle at 4km/h is significantly greater than 3km/h and the normal pace;there is no significant difference in of the subtalat joint angel at the three paces.Conclusions: 1)The elderly take less time to adjust their posture when walking at 4km/h,which is much faster than the normal pace,and the gait stability may be worse than the reference pace and the experimental pace-A;walking foot axis angel at 4km/h large changes,and may increase the risk of lower limb injuries.It is not recommended that elderly people without a history of exercise choose a walking speed(such as 4km/h)that is much higher than their normal pace in the early stages of walking exercise.2)The slightly faster pace of 3km/h has a better immediate effect on elderly women’s walking exercise.The single-support phase increases the degree of big toe exertion,and at the same time the forefoot load decreases;4km/h is expressed as a double-support phase and a single support In contrast,the greater load on the inner side of the heel and the outer side of the forefoot is prone to potential risk of foot injury.It is recommended that the elderly without a history of exercise exercise at a walking speed(eg3 km/h)that is appropriately higher than their normal pace.3)The plantar pressure at the three paces in this study shows a certain pattern.In the double support phase,the second metatarsal area(M2)of the forefoot kicked away from the foot and the medial heel area(HM)of the heel are significantly larger than the other areas;in the single support phase,the medial heel area(HM),medium The load in the foot area(MF),third metatarsal area(M3),and second metatarsal area(M2)was significantly greater than in other areas.It is recommended that the elderly should pay attention to prevent the injury of the above anatomical area of the foot during the walking exercise.You can choose your own sports shoes or a functional insole that reduces the local pressure on the sole to avoid chronic damage to the bottom tissue caused by long walking.4)It is recommended that a longitudinal follow-up study should be carried out on the subjects of this study at a later stage to further analyze and analyze the impact of unsynchronized walking on the plantar pressure after the next or even a period of walking exercise,to provide more effective walking exercise suggestions for the elderly. |
