Construction Of Special Physical Fitness Index For Chinese Elite Female Kayakers

With the continuous breaking of the special achievements of competitive kayak(still water),the individual level of world athletes is also improved,so the competitive ability of competitive kayak(still water)athletes is required to be stronger.The main event of women’s kayak is 500 m,which requires the mixed oxygen capacity of high intensity and high lactic acid,and this mixed oxygen capacity is mainly based on the physical fitness of athletes.Therefore,the special 500 m event has very high physical requirements on athletes.By comparing the overall structure level of kayak competitive ability with other competitive ability elements,it is found that the comprehensive level of competitive ability of China’s elite female kayak athletes(still water)is relatively high,but there are still some limitations on their individual ability in the Olympic Games.The characteristics of competitive ability of Chinese elite female kayakers are analyzed comprehensively.It is found that the special physical ability is the main factor of the individual ability of elite kayakers.This paper mainly through the combination of theoretical analysis and practice,after three rounds of questionnaire screening,the female kayak(stillwater)athletes in the special physical fitness,representative characteristics of the index was analyzed,through the overall analysis of the summary,in line with the outstanding female competitive kayak(stillwater)athletes’ special physical fitness index.In using the literature material method,Delphi method,field observation method,mathematical statistics and other research methods,the combination of theory and practice,our country for the Tokyo Olympic Games in 2018-2020 outstanding woman kayak athletes special fitness index as the research reference,special woman kayak sports physical construction of in-depth study and practice research.Combining and summarizing experts,special coaches,elite athletes,etc.,to screen out the specific physical fitness related indexes of high-level athletes for Chinese women kayak events.Construct specific physical performance indicators that are consistent with specific characteristics and commonly used in operation.The research conclusions are as follows:1.The construction of the special physical fitness distinguishes the basic physical fitness of female kayakers from the special physical fitness.The main structural element system is based on the principle of hierarchy and the principle of specificity,which makes the indicators clearer,the classification of structure more detailed and more suitable for the specific physical fitness.2.The special physical fitness training of female kayakers is different from the general physical ability training.In the special physical fitness training,the special physical fitness training follows the movement characteristics and the movement track of technical movements.The designed sports are carried out according to the individual differences of the athletes.3.In the construction of specific physical fitness,three-level indicators are used for measurable indicators.From 2018 to 2020,the indicators commonly used for the national women’s kayak team are 3000 m running,bench press 1RM,bench pull 1RM,bench press 2minutes,bench pull 2 minutes,maximum number of static guide up,maximum oxygen intake,dynamometer for 500 m kayak,100 m on water,250 m on water,500 m on water,2000 m on water.The physical fitness test of the national team is carried out separately regardless of the long or short groups.The constructed special physical fitness index is selected for the elite female kayakers in the 500-meter special group,which is consistent with the current commonly used indexes of the national team and the constructed three-level indexes,and is more targeted.