Correlation Of Physical Activity Level With Body Composition And Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Elderly Adults

Background of Research:The aging of population in China is becoming more and more serious,and healthy aging has become a hot issue of concern from all walks of life.Although the relevant departments at home and abroad have continuously put forward physical activity suggestions for the health status of the elderly,they still fail to prevent the negative effects of insufficient physical activity on the body composition and cardiovascular health of the elderly,resulting in a sharp increase in the prevalence and mortality of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases such as overweight / obesity,hypertension,dyslipidemia,diabetes,metabolic syndrome,etc.So,how about the physical composition of the elderly and the risk factors of cardiovascular disease in China,and whether the physical activity of the elderly is related to the physical composition and the risk factors of cardiovascular disease.This series of questions is worth our in-depth exploration.Purpose of Research:In-depth understanding of the general situation and physical activity of the elderly in nursing homes in Qingpu District,Shanghai,and analysis of the factors affecting the physical activity level of the general population and people of different genders;describe the overall situation of the physical components of the elderly and study the correlation between physical activity level and body composition of the elderly;obtain the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors at different levels of physical activity according to the diagnostic criteria of each disease,and explore whether physical activity can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in the elderly.Method of Research:This study uses the literature method to search the relevant documents in domestic and foreign databases,which provides a theoretical basis for this study.Using the questionnaire survey method,the survey of basic information questionnaire and international physical activity questionnaire were carried out by face-to-face and one-to-one way,taking Zhongfu nursing home in Qingpu District of Shanghai as the source of the survey.Using the test method,the body composition indexes,blood pressure,blood sugar and blood lipid of the elderly were measured by height measuring instrument,standard ruler,OMRON HBF-701 electron body remeasurement,OMRON HEM-7137 electronic sphygmomanometer and automatic biochemical analyzer.Using mathematical statistics,the factors affecting physical activity level in the elderly were analyzed by univariate ANOVA and chi-square test;independent sample T test compared the differences in body composition among the elderly of different genders;Spelman rank correlation explored the correlation between physical activity and body composition;binary Logistic regression model examined the relationship between physical activity and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors,and further carried out Logistic regression analysis after controlling covariates.All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS26.0software.Result of research:(1)A total of 215 subjects were included in the analysis,76 males,35.35%,139 women,It accounts for 64.65.There were 57 cases,112 cases,46 cases,The proportion was 26.51%,52.09% and 21.40% respectively.From the factors affecting the physical activity level of the elderly,Age and physical activity levels were correlated between total population and female elderly(P<0.05),Among the population,male and female,there was a correlation between physical activity and physical activity(P<0.05).(2)There is a correlation between physical activity levels and some indicators of body composition,In the male population,BMI(r=-0.232),waist circumference(r=-0.276)were correlated with physical activity level(P<0.05);In women,waist circumference(r=-0.207),waist-to-hip ratio(r=-0.182)were correlated with physical activity level(P<0.05).(3)In this study,82 overweight/obese patients,The prevalence rate was 38.14%.The chi-square test shows,physical activity levels and the prevalence of overweight/obesity were not correlated(P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis of the total population showed,Compared to low levels of physical activity,Intermediate level of physical activity(OR=1.151,95%CI:0.597-2.222,P=0.674)and high levels of physical activity(OR=0.914,95%CI:0.406-2.057,P=0.829)does not reduce the risk of overweight / obesity.(4)In this study,151 patients with hypertension,the prevalence rate is 70.23%.results showed a correlation between physical activity levels and the prevalence of hypertension(P<0.05).The high physical activity level(OR=0.352,95%CI :0.151-0.821,P=0.016)significantly reduced the risk of hypertension compared with the low physical activity level(OR=0.808,95%CI:0.383-1.704,P=0.575)does not reduce the risk of hypertension.(5)In this study,There were 74 cases of dyslipidemia,The prevalence rate is34.42%,The chi-square test shows,Physical activity level was correlated with dyslipidemia rate(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis of the total population showed,Compared to low levels of physical activity,Intermediate level of physical activity(OR=0.505,95%CI:0.262-0.973,P=0.041)and high levels of physical activity(OR=0.392,95%CI:0.170-0.907,P=0.029)can significantly reduce the risk of dyslipidemia.(6)In this study,A total of 64 diabetic patients,Prevalence was 29.76 %,The chi-square test shows,physical activity levels and diabetes prevalence were not correlated(P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis of the total population showed,Compared to low levels of physical activity,Moderate physical activity water(OR=1.369,95%CI:0.682-2.747,P=0.377)and high levels of physical activity(OR=0.623,95%CI:0.246-1.579,P=0.319)does not reduce the risk of diabetes.(7)In this study,70 patients with metabolic syndrome had a prevalence of32.56%.The chi-square test showed that there was a correlation between the level of physical activity and the metabolic syndrome(P<0.05).The results of Logistic regression analysis in the total population showed that moderate physical activity level(OR=0.477,95%CI:0.246-0.926,P=0.029)and high physical activity level(OR=0.42195%:0.182-0.974,P=0.043)could significantly reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome compared with low physical activity level.Conclusion of Research:(1)The overall situation of physical activity in the elderly is not optimistic,and the problem of insufficient physical activity is more prominent.From the factors affecting physical activity,the physical activity level of the total population and the female elderly were correlated with the age,and the physical activity level of the total population,the male elderly and the female elderly were correlated with the sports situation.(2)Physical activity level was negatively correlated with BMI and waist circumference of elderly men in nursing homes.Physical activity level was negatively correlated with waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio of elderly women in nursing homes.(3)In terms of risk,compared with low physical activity level,moderate physical activity level can reduce the risk of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in the elderly;higher physical activity level can reduce the risk of hypertension,dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in the elderly;However,both moderate physical activity level and high physical activity level can not reduce the risk of overweight / obesity and diabetes in the elderly.