Acute Aerobic Exercise Improves Inhibitory Control Function And Brain Activation Characteristics Of Smoking College Students

Objective:Smokers have impaired inhibitory control due to the neurotoxic effects of nicotine.Smoking behavior during adolescence is associated with poor inhibitory control and higher levels of nicotine dependence in adulthood.However,the intensity of aerobic exercise is low,the rhythm is strong,and the duration is long.Therefore,it is feasible to use aerobic exercise intervention to study cognitive function.In this study,the inhibitory control function and brain activation characteristics of exercise and non-exercise,smokers and non-smokers were compared to find the influence and relationship between exercise and inhibitory control,smoking and inhibition control,exercise and inhibition control of smokers,and smoking and inhibition control of athletes.At the same time,the improvement effect of acute aerobic exercise on the inhibition and control function of smoking population was explored to provide some scientific evidence for advocating smoking cessation and exercise smoking cessation.Methods:A total of 88 male healthy college students were recruited and divided into three groups:athletes smoking group(ES group,21 participants),exercise non-smoking group(ESn group,23 participants),non-exercise smoking group(En S group,19 participants),and exercise non-smoking group(En Sn group,25 participants).The Flanker side inhibition task was performed.FNIRS was used to measure blood flow signals in the brain during inhibitory control.In addition,the non-athlete group underwent acute aerobic exercise intervention for 30 minutes.Flanker lateral inhibition task and brain blood flow signal were measured before and after the intervention.Heart rate and subjective fatigue were recorded during the test.Data were expressed by mean?±standard deviation(X±SD),and inter-group characteristics were analyzed by independent sample T test and paired sample T test,as well as data analysis before and after intervention.Research results:(1)Comparison between ESn group and En Sn group:(1)There were no significant differences in accuracy and response time(P>0.05);(2)O₂Hb:under the same condition,the activation of O₂Hb was more obvious in the exercise group(P<0.05),and the significant difference was in THE CH4 and CH19 channels;In the inconsistent condition,there was no significant difference between groups(P>0.05).(2)Comparison between ES group and ESn group:(1)Accuracy:under the same condition,the accuracy of non-smoking group was higher(P<0.05);Under inconsistent conditions,there was no significant difference between groups(P>0.05);(2)Reaction time:under consistent conditions,there was no significant difference between groups(P>0.05);In the inconsistent condition,the response of non-smoking group was faster(P<0.05);(3)O₂Hb:under consistent conditions,there was no significant difference between groups(P>0.05);In the inconsistent condition,the activation was more obvious in the non-smoking group(P<0.05),and the significant difference was in the CH20 channel.(3)Comparison between En S group and En Sn group:(1)There were no significant differences in accuracy and response time(P>0.05);(2)O₂Hb:under the same condition,the activation of O₂Hb was more obvious in non-smoking group(P<0.05),and the significant difference was in CH11,CH13 and CH19 channels;In the inconsistent condition,there was no significant difference between groups(P>0.05).(4)Comparison between ES group and En S group:(1)There were no significant differences in accuracy,reaction time and O₂Hb(P>0.05).(5)COMPARISON of En S group before and after intervention:(1)There was no significant difference in accuracy rate(P>0.05);(2)Response time:under consistent conditions,there was no significant difference before and after acute aerobic exercise intervention(P>0.05);Under inconsistent conditions,the reaction time after intervention was significantly increased(P<0.05);(3)O₂Hb:under consistent conditions,there was no significant difference before and after acute aerobic exercise intervention(P>0.05);Under inconsistent conditions,brain activation was significantly improved after intervention(P<0.05),with significant differences in CH14 and CH15 channels.(6)En Sn group before and after intervention:(1)There were no significant differences in accuracy,response time and O₂Hb(P>0.05).Conclusion:(1)People who exercise regularly for a long time have stronger inhibition and control ability.(2)Non-smokers have stronger inhibitory control function than smokers.(3)The inhibitory control function of non-smokers was stronger than that of smokers in the same group of long-term regular exercise,which again confirmed that smoking had adverse effects on inhibitory control of the brain.(4)Acute aerobic exercise can improve the inhibitory control function of smokers to a certain extent.Suggestions:(1)It is suggested to promote aerobic exercise and healthy life among smokers.(2)It is suggested that those who quit smoking can do acute aerobic exercise such as running to help them quit smoking.When they cannot help but pick up a cigarette,go out for a run immediately.(3)It is suggested that future research can combine brain function research techniques such as eeg and near infrared imaging to further analyze the influence of changes in central structure or function on brain cognition,and further explore the mechanism of improvement of brain function in smokers.