Design And Implementation Of FPGA-based Highway Vehicle Monitoring Radar Signal Processor

The highways play an important role in road transportation due to its fast speed when driving and large traffic flow.The intelligent management of highway traffic is of great significance to the entire city's traffic supervision.In the intelligent management of highway traffic,the collection technology of traffic information plays an important role.Due to its high accuracy in range and speed measurement,the continuous wave radar system is suitable for short-range detection,which provides ideas for vehicle target monitoring on highways.This paper mainly conducted researches on the design and algorithm implementation of the signal processor of LFM continuous wave radar suitable for vehicle detection.The main content and contributions of this paper were as follows.1)Vehicle target monitoring task demanded analysis and signal processing algorithm design.In this paper,through the analysis of the working principle of linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar and the combination with the actual situation,the requirements for the signal processing of vehicle target monitoring radar were given,also,a complete signal processing flow for monitoring the distance,speed,and angle information of the vehicle target under the condition of 64 line-frequency FM continuous waves was showed.The principle of the Keystone algorithm to solve the problem that the vehicle target had distance migration in multiple detection cycles and affects the MTD detection effect was mainly explained and the Keystone algorithm was implemented by the CZT transformation method.In the environment of MATLAB,simulation experiments were carried out on the algorithm parameters,and the simulation results of the Keystone algorithm were given to verify the feasibility of the algorithm.2)The signal processor hardware circuit board was designed.The circuit design of the power supply module,clock module,FPGA module,DSP module,interface module and DDR3 module was explained from the three aspects of chip selection,function implementation and design considerations.In the interface circuit design,two sets of CSI2 interface design schemes suitable for Xilinx 7 series FPGAs were given,and the correctness of the circuit design was verified in the subsequent debugging.3)The signal processing algorithm hardware implementation scheme was designed.From the module function analysis,module function realization,simulation timing verification,the main sub-modules in the hardware implementation including the initialization configuration module,CSI2 interface communication data unpacking module,SRIO communication module,DBF beamforming module,DDR3 and SRAM The data rearrangement module,Keystone transformation operation module,speed fuzzy number compensation and MTD processing module were described in detail.In the design of the CSI2 interface communication data unpacking module,a four-channel CSI2 data interface byte alignment and data unpacking scheme at a wire speed of 600 Mb/s is proposed and the feasibility of the scheme was proved in subsequent debugging and verification.At the same time,for the problem of high resource consumption of coefficient calculation in Keystone transformation,a coefficient generation scheme that combined a lookup table and CORDIC core real-time calculation was given to reduce resource consumption in hardware implementation.The strategy of combining SRAM and DDR3 solved the problem of data rearrangement in the signal processing process,and effectively improves the system's ability to process large amounts of data.This paper finally completed the hardware circuit design and signal processing algorithm hardware implementation scheme design of the radar signal processor of highway vehicle target monitoring.Besides,the important function modules on the signal processor were verified by the simulator,which had a positive significance for the development of vehicle target monitoring technology and also laid the foundation for the development of traffic information collection technology.