Optimization Of Fermented Feed With Eucommia Ulmoides Leaves And Its Effect On Beef Cattle Production Performance

In this study,a variety of protective agents were used to prepare freeze-dried yeast and lactic acid bacteria powders.The yeast and lactic acid bacteria freeze-dried powders were applied to the optimization of the fermentation process of Eucommiae Folium.The obtained fermented Eucommiae Folium were subjected to conventional nutrient composition and hydrolyzed amino acid quality analysis.Fermented Eucommiae Folium were fed to beef cattle and the effects on beef cattle growth performance,serum biochemistry,antioxidant indicators,meat nutrition indicators,and fecal intestinal microflora diversity were studied.The main research contents and results are as follows.1.Production process of freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria powderThrough the study of the effect of freeze-dried protective agent on the resurrection rate of lactic acid bacteria freeze-dried bacteria powder,skim milk powder,sucrose,and mannitol were screened out for central combination design response surface optimization.The results showed that skim milk powder had a significant effect on the resurrection rate.The best production process of freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria powder is 11.60% skimmed milk powder,5.76% sucrose,and 1.0% mannitol.The revival rate of freeze-dried bacterial powder obtained under this process is 84.23%.2.Optimization of Eucommiae Folium Fermentation ProcessOrthogonal optimization experiment was conducted on the fermentation formula and fermentation conditions of Eucommiae Folium.The results showed that with 200 g dried leaves of Eucommia ulmoides as the basic medium,the best fermentation formula was 20 g soybean meal,10 g corn meal,and 120 m L water content.The best fermentation process conditions were 18 m L inoculum and strain ratio(yeast: lactic acid bacteria)2: 1.The fermentation temperature is 20°C,and the fermentation time is 5 days.3.Quality analysis of Eucommiae Folium before and after fermentationThe fermented Eucommiae Folium and eucommia ulmoides dried leaves were analyzed for conventional nutrient composition and hydrolyzed amino acid content.The results showed that the crude protein content,total phosphorus and crude fat content of Eucommia ulmoides leaves increased after fermentation,crude fiber and acid detergent fiber decreased;the total amount of hydrolyzed amino acids in eucommia ulmoides leaves increased,indicating that the conventional nutrient content of Eucommia ulmoides leaves was improved through microbial fermentation.,Hydrolyzed amino acid content,fermented Eucommia ulmoides leaves have higher nutritional value.4.Effect of Eucommiae Folium Fermented Feed on Beef Cattle PerformanceSelect 12 healthy and disease-free Charolais bulls of similar ages,and divide them into three groups by completely randomized block method: basic diet control group,5% eucommia dry leaves group,and 10% fermented Eucommiae Folium group(dry matter Quality 50%).After the test,the beef cattle growth performance,serum biochemistry,antioxidant indicators,beef conventional nutrients,meat amino acid indicators were tested,and the results showed that the daily gain,feed intake,and feed intake of the beef cattle were fed with fermented Eucommiae Folium.The ratio of feed to meat has improved;adding fermented eucommia ulmoides leaves extremely significantly(P<0.01)increased SOD(superoxide dismutase),T-AOC(total antioxidants),and significant(P<0.05)total serum protein Content,CAT(Catalase),extremely significantly(P<0.01)reduced urea nitrogen,total cholesterol,triglyceride content,alanine aminotransferase,MDA(malondialdehyde content);significantly improved The content of protein and hydrolyzed amino acid in the longissimus dorsi muscle of beef cattle indicates that adding fermented Eucommiae Folium can enhance beef cattle growth performance,increase antioxidant capacity,enhance beef's conventional nutrients,and improve beef meat quality.5.Effect of Eucommiae Folium Fermented Feed on Beef Cattle Manure MicroorganismsAt the end of the feeding experiment,the test group beef cattle were collected rectal feces samples,and the rumen fluid of beef cattle was collected at the slaughter of beef cattle for intestinal microbial flora analysis.The results showed that the addition of fermented Eucommiae Folium did not have an adverse effect on the fecal microbial composition,which improved to a certain extent.The abundance of Firmicutes.