A FMRI Study Of Language Tasks In Post-stroke Aphasia Guided By The Theory Of "integration Of Body And Mind"

Human life consists of two aspects:the body and the spirit." Body",is the body,including the body’s viscera,flesh,bones,veins and filling in the essence,qi,blood,fluid;"Spirit" refers to the spiritual consciousness of people,including god,soul,meaning,ambition,thinking,worry,wisdom and so on.Body is the material basis of spirit,and spirit is the master of body.The body and the spirit are the contradictory unity in the human life movement.Language belongs to the category of body,while modern medical has made it clear that language and related brain regions and neural pathway in the brain do together,such as the mechanism of aphasia is mainly related to the result of a speech center lesions,traditional medicine thinks that language generation and closely related to the five internal organs,and completed jointly by the normal operation of qi-blood.Therefore,about he relationship between language and the five zangorgans and qi-blood is always discussed,but the relationship between language and brain elaboration is less,so this paper will on the one hand,this paper summarizes the relationship between brain and language from ancient literature.Modern medicine for aphasia has the diversity of evaluation,the existing research have been evaluating aphasia through a a multi-dimensional methods,such as neurolinguistics scale,nerve electrophysiology and neuroimaging.Functional magnetic resonance imaging(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI),due to the the characteristics of no trauma,no invasion and the characteristics of high spatial resolution,has been widely used in the study of brain mechanism of aphasia after stroke.In the recent years,the research of language processing mechanism has become a research hotspot in the field of cognitive neuroscience.Language processing is a process of multiple information,such as speech,semantic and grammar.Many researchers have tried exploration research paradigm,the reflection of language processing is used to reveal the Chinese language expression and understanding of neural mechanisms,and explore brain damage in patients with aphasia after stroke and lead to new developments in research on the recovery mechanism.Our study was to explore language processing mechanism based on word-chart matching task on aphasia patients with no significant semantic understanding disorders after stroke,explore the linguistic assessment model based on state fMRI tasks and the mechanism of brain damage.Objective(1)This study will be on the basis of the theory of "integration of the body and the spirit",through the information and development process of brain;Get a systematically summarized on the relationship between the brain and language.To get a more comprehensive arrangement on the development of brain and language,so that this theory can better guide clinical.(2)Take the method of whole brain activation analysis,ALFF,fALFF and Functional connectivity.Observe a group of post-stroke aphasia which is mainly composed of cortex injury and the healthy controls on the whole brain activation,functional connectivity differences on task state and local consistency difference,low frequency amplitude,functional connectivity on resting state brain regions.Explore the brain injury mechanism of post-stroke aphasia which is mainly composed of cortex injury,and the linguistic assessment model and experimental paradigm under the task state fMRI.Method(1)By using the method of document retrieval.Beijing university of Chinese medicine library collection books(the museum collection of TCM ancient books a total of more than 40000 copies),the electronic journal of the Chinese medical(the medical included the republic of China before the Chinese all previous dynasties medicine ancient books is about 1156 copies);The Chinese medicine encephalopathy literature database developed by the China academy of traditional Chinese medicine,included encephalopathy literature more than 650 copies,the collection of a comprehensive related to brain and language.From the physiological function of the brain to collate,analyze.According to the academic system of Chinese medicine,there is a law in the law,which is rational in the law,which is the reflection of the law and the prescription,and the relationship between brain and language.(2)This study is a prospective matching parallel control study.As the research object,PSA group is post-stroke aphasia patients of cortical lesions.Take the resting state fMRI,task state fMRI and neurolinguistics scale evaluation on the first day enrolled the group.Select the HC group with PSA into cases in terms of gender,age,education,age matched healthy subjects into groups,HC group are to head resting state fMRI and task state fMRI evaluation,the PSA group with HC nuclear magnetic data comparison,analysis of PSA group compared with HC group task states the change of the whole brain activation,as well as to activate different brain regions as interested in area and the whole brain functional connectivity analysis,compare the difference between the two groups.And compare the two groups of resting state between brain regions local consistency,low frequency amplitude value differences and respectively to Broca and Wernicke as interested in area and the whole brain functional connectivity analysis,comparing differences between two groups,to explore brain damage mechanism of PSA and task based language evaluation model and state fMRI experimental paradigm.Results(1)By ancient literature research,from three aspects "brain is the home of spirit","the brain is the medullary sea","brain is the main consciousness movement",further demonstrated the relationship between the brain and language,the brain is the carrier of language,the language of the normal production,output,and the foundation for properly express both to the brain.(2)In the task state fMRI test,the activation of the PSA group in the left occipital resection was lower than that in the matching task condition when the unmatched task was completed.In the HC group,the activation of the inferior orbital region of the left orbital region,the left anterior cingulate and the side buckle gyrus were lower than the matching task condition when the mismatch task was completed.The activation difference between PSA group and HC group in the completion of mismatch and matching task was mainly in the right temporal gyrus.(3)In the RS-fMRI experiments,PSA group compared with HC group,part of the brain ALFF differences,The ALFF value PSA group in the left triangle of the left inferior frontal gyrus and cover area the central sulcus of is higher than the HC group,Between groups on fALFF comparative analysis,no difference was found between two groups.(4)Compare the connection degree between the interest area(Broca area)and the whole brain between the two groups.The FC value of PSA group was higher than the HC group in the peripheral cortex,right medial and lateral cingulate gyrus,left medial and lateral cingulate gyrus,right supplementary motor area and Broca area.Compare the connection degree between the interest area(Wernicke area)and the whole brain between the two groups.The FC value of PSA group in the left temporal gyrus and Wernicke area was lower than that of HC group.Conclusions(1)Through the study of ancient literature,the relationship between brain and language is further demonstrated.The brain is the carrier of language,and the production,output and transmission of language are based on the brain.(2)Partial language function reservation in aphasia patients may be the result of the reconstruction and compensation of the same language functional area.(3)The fMRI combined with word-picture matching language task can further objectively reflect the language processing mechanism of aphasia patients after stroke.(4)The functional response of semantic judgment is mainly related to the right temporal gyrus.