A Latent Category Analysis Of Family Management Styles In Children With Asthma And Its Influencing Factors

Objective:To explore the potential categories of family management styles of asthmatic children,explain the difference characteristics of the potential categories of family management styles of asthmatic children,and analyze the influencing factors of the potential categories of family management styles of asthmatic children.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study.Firstly,the convenience sampling method was adopted to investigate the children and their parents who visited asthma clinics in Beijing,Lanzhou,Xinjiang Yili and Xinjiang Shihezi from September 2020 to March 2021.The general information questionnaire was used.Asthma child family management scale,asthma children parents health literacy scale,asthma children’s self-control ability scale,general family function scale assessment research object of demographic characteristics,family management,asthma children parents health literacy and asthma children’s self management ability,average household function of asthma children’s index.Then use Latent Class Analysis(LCA)method to analyze the potential categories of family management of children with asthma,and use x2 test,Analysis of variance to compare the different categories between groups.Demographic characteristics,parents’ health literacy,self-management ability and family general function of children with asthma were compared among different categories of family management styles of children with asthma.Finally,multivariate logistic regression was adopted.To analyze the influence of demographic characteristics,parents’ health literacy,self-management ability and general family function on the potential categories of family management style of asthmatic children.Results:1.A total of 316 parents of children with asthma were investigated in this study.In addition,160 children aged 7 and above participated in filling out the self-management ability scale for children with asthma,among which the recovery rate of parents and children was 98.7%and 100%respectively.2.The main results of the general survey of children and their families show that the majority of children are male,with a male to female ratio of about 3:2;According to the evaluation criteria of childhood obesity in China,40.5%of the children were underweight.More than a third(37%)are overweight or obese;Non-only-child accounted for more than half(53.8%);73.4%of the children in the sample had a history of allergy.In the survey of family general situation,the majority of mothers had a high school or technical secondary school education(21.5%).Most families believed that the financial burden of children with asthma to the family was low or moderate.3.According to the survey results of medical and environmental factors related to children’s diseases.18.7%of children and their families have not received the asthma-related health knowledge handbook from hospitals or other health institutions,and 38.5%of them have not read it carefully;35.1 percent of doctors did not have a long-term treatment and follow-up plan for children with asthma.In addition,most people think it is easy to access medical resources,but 13.2%still think it is difficult or very difficult;In the survey of the living environment of children with asthma,about 30%of the families thought the living environment was average or bad,more than half thought the living environment was good,and about 10%thought the living environment was poor or very bad.4.The results of potential category analysis showed that the family management of children with asthma could be divided into 5 potential categories,which were named as category 1:well-managed group(68.1%),category 2:poorly managed group(1.3%),category 3:poorly managed group(0.9%),category 4:management adaptation group(27.9%),and category 5:Management conflict group(1.8%).,according to the results of single factor analysis of five categories in the children go to school,mother’s age,family economic burden,whether to have disease health knowledge manual,whether to read the manual of health knowledge,access to health resources,place of residence to air quality,the management of asthma children parents health literacy ability differences statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with Category 1(well-managed group),the better the greening degree,the greater the probability of household management style of Category 2(poorly managed group)(OR=0.004,P<0.05).Compared with category Ⅰ,the probability of category Ⅲ(malmanagement group with low disease identity)in families without disease and health knowledge handbook was higher(OR=2.369E+155,P<0.05);Compared with Category 1,the older the child is(OR=23.044,P<0.05),the only child is(OR=0.313,P<0.05),and the less educated the mother is(OR=0.239,P<0.05),the easier the access to medical resources is(OR=0.113,P<0.05).The probability that the family management style falls into category 4(management adaptation group)is higher.Conclusion:In this study,five potential categories of family management of children with asthma were identified,and each potential category had corresponding characteristics of demographic,family,medical and environmental factors.The green degree of residence,whether there is a disease and health knowledge manual,the age of the children,whether the only child,the education level of the mother,and the difficulty of access to medical resources affect and predict the attribution of the potential categories of family management style of asthmatic children.The results can distinguish the heterogeneity of family management of children with asthma,and provide theoretical basis and practical reference for accurate management of children with asthma.