A Study Of The Guild System In The Song Dynasty

This paper focuses on the guild system of the Song Dynasty,starting from the actual situation of the Song Dynasty,through the study of the guild system of the Song Dynasty,explores the relationship between the civil class and the government,and examines the relationship between the State and society,focusing on the historical situation during the period of Wang Anshi's reform in the Northern Song Dynasty,through the achievements of the reform,as well as the subsequent influence,the guild's struggle,to reflect the problem of how the song government balanced the interests between the civil classes,the relationship between the guild and the government.At the same time,by exploring the nature and characteristics of the Song Dynasty Guild,the paper analyzes why he finally took a completely different path from the western guild.To explore why in the highly developed industrial and commercial background,the Song Dynasty Guild still can not get rid of its feudal nature.Through the analysis of the Song Dynasty Guild's own functions and organizational structure,analysis of his impact on future generations and contributions.This paper is mainly divided into six structures.In the introduction part,the thesis is introduced and the related research results and methods are introduced,that is to take the Song Dynasty Guild System as the center to study the relationship between ancient Chinese society and the state and to limit the scope of the relevant important concepts used in this paper.In the first chapter,the historical conditions of the formation of the guild in the Song Dynasty are analyzed,and the historical background of the formation of the guild in the Song Dynasty is found out:the collapse of the equal land system,the rise of the Qi People's Society,fang City integration of the formation of weak government control power vacuum.And mainly around the QI social stratum to the Song Dynasty social stratum change to carry on the analysis.In the second chapter,we mainly study the inner operation system of Song Guild.From the establishment of the guild,the membership,the establishment of the organization,the functions of the guild,and the code of identification within the trade,through the above analysis,the nature and basic system of the guild are further demonstrated,and a comparison with the guilds of Europe.And in the characteristics of the two song guilds,combined with the historical conditions of the formation of guilds and the organizational structure of guilds,its characteristics are analyzed.Through this analysis,the author tries to find out the essential characteristics of the guild and the Western guild,and explore the particularity and uniqueness of the guild itself in the Song Dynasty.In the third chapter,State Control and guild laws and regulations,through the written guild laws and regulations,price management,commodity quality requirements,and other aspects,a systematic exposition of the State Administration of the guild.It also provides a basis for studying why the guild system of the Song Dynasty developed so much and why the development of the two song guilds was quite different from that of the Western guilds.Afterwards,the analysis discusses how the state controls the boundary with the guild and society,and how to maintain the normal operation of the market.In the fourth chapter,during the struggle between the guilds and the government in the Song Dynasty,through the cases of "exemption from payment" and "law of exchange",the conflicts of interests between the guilds and the government in the Song Dynasty are shown,thus reflecting how the government of the Song Dynasty tried to maintain the balance of interests,how to coordinate the relationship with the society.At the same time,through the Song Dynasty Guild Limited resistance to government policy behavior,find out the reason why the song guild did not develop into a capitalist guild.In the fifth chapter,the author analyzes the characteristics and nature of the guild in Song Dynasty,and finds out the inevitable reason why he finally went to a different way from the western guild.In the last part of the conclusion,through the above-mentioned analysis,this article will distinguish from the Western civil society theory on the whole,through the study of the Song Dynasty Guild System,this paper explores the relationship between the government and society in ancient China from the perspective of the local Qi people society.Finally,I hope to provide useful experience and enlightenment for the current social governance and adjustment of social structure,strengthen the connection and integration of tradition and modernity,and promote the development of modernization.we mainly study the inner operation system of Song Guild.