"NP Is V Endless" Construction Research

This article takes the construction of " NP shi V bu wan de " as the main research object,relies on the theory of three planes,It is mainly based on two research methods:one is to collect and analyze related corpus to describe constructions;another one is to compare with the similar construction,examine the error phenomenon and the compilation of the textbook outline,give relevant teaching suggestions.The research and analysis of this article mainly start from the following contents:First,judge the construction and determine the scope of research.Through a combination of description,analysis,and explanation,Analyze the " NP shi V bu wan de " construction,revealed that the variable "NP" is mostly a noun or definite structure;the variable "V" affected by the " NP shi V bu wan de " structure,must be a strong action verb;the constant term " shi...de " is the source of the subjective and focus possibilities pragmatic characteristics of the construction.The syntactic position of the construction in the sentence is flexible and relatively free,and other items that do not affect the semantics can be inserted into the construction.So this paper defines the construction meaning as a subjective commentary construction that highlights the attributes of the object(a large number),emphasizes the impossibility of action,and focuses on analyzing the semantic suppression phenomenon in the construction.Secondly,analyzes the corpus and makes an in-depth analysis of the construction " NP shi V bu wan de " from the perspective of pragmatic discourse.It is concluded that the construction expresses the declarative function and the expression function separately under different pragmatic purposes.The former is the embodiment of the core semantics of the construction,and the latter can also be divided into declaring exclamation and admonishing or relief.Clear that construction has the pragmatic characteristics of subjectivity,economy and focus possibilities.Subjectivity comes from the structure of " shi...de ",economy is embodied in the expression of illocutionary meaning,and the position of focus and phonetic stress depends on the difference of pragmatic function.In the text,the construction plays the role of connecting the above and the next,and cohesion and coherence are the main means of the construction to organize the text.Then,combining the corpus,introduce the two variants: " NP shi V bu jin V bu wan de " and " VP shi V bu wan de ",both of which have basically the same semantic and pragmatic characteristics as the research object.In-depth analysis of the asymmetry between " NP shi V bu wan de " and affirmative structure " NP shi V de wan de ",found that the affirmative structure is used in low frequency and mainly exists in the context of opposites,and does not have the pragmatic use to declare exclamation righteousness.Contrasting with the approximate construction " NP shi V bu guo lai de ",analyzing the semantics of the regular terms " wan " and " guo lai ",it is determined that the former has a large amount of prominence and impossibility,while the latter emphasizes insufficient ability and cannot be comprehensive,pragmatically " NP shi V bu guo lai de " can also express mockery and show off.Finally,on the basis of foreign language teaching,we collect learner errors and determine that the errors in the use of constructions are mainly caused by two situations:the negative transfer of the target language and the learners' wrong learning strategies.Investigating the outline and textbook compilation,it was found that we used to focus on teaching one of the semantics of " shi...de ",and subjective usage appeared in small numbers.Therefore,based on the grammatical ontology research content of this article,aiming at the presentation and teaching of this construction in textbooks,from the perspectives of textbook compilation,teacher teaching,and exercise arrangement,propose own suggestions and give instructional design.