Walzer Pluralist Justice Thought Research

In the face of complex and changing multicultural conflicts in the context of globalization,Michael Walzer tries to construct a composite equality of social democracy by using critical interpretivist methodology to demonstrate the shared understanding of pluralism,cultural differences and other issues in American society.Walzer's pluralist justice thought mainly focuses on the origin of thought,the establishment of method,the construction of frame and the path of practice.Firstly,walzer criticizes the tradition of universalism and puts forward the idea of pluralist justice to make up for the defects of modern liberalism in the sociological sense.Secondly,the ideological basis is mainly composed of the methodology of particularism and the judgment of social significance.The methodology of particularism includes two aspects: one is the ontology of holism,which takes "community origin" as the starting point of cognition;The second is contextualist epistemology which takes the contextualization of knowledge as the source of knowledge.Then,walzer constructs an ideological system with political community as the implementation field,independent distribution as the practice mode and compound equality as the realization goal along the explanatory path.Finally,the practice of pluralist justice follows the principle of free exchange,the principle of personal deserve and the principle of satisfying needs respectively.At the same time,Walzer's vision is not limited to the domestic society,he advocates the principle of tolerance to deal with the cultural conflicts between political communities,thus extending the concept of justice to the field of international relations.After a comprehensive examination of Walzer's whole ideological system,this study focuses on criticizing his relativism tendency and the complex inequality it may lead to.From the perspective of the modern crisis of justice paradigm,the historical orientation of Walzer's justice thought as a dynamic justice is helpful to explore the possibility of a "transcendental justice" view based on historical materialism.