A Comparative Study On The STEAM Concept Of Fusion Of Chemistry Teaching Materials Between China And The United States

Under the background of international education diversification,cultivate comprehensive talents.A new concept of education ——STEAM born from scratch.This educational idea has set off the research upsurge of many countries in the world.The core feature of steam education concept is interdisciplinary,which mainly includes the integration of science,technology,engineering,art and mathematics.It emphasizes both scientific spirit and humanistic spirit,and pays attention to the cultivation of students' scientific inquiry and innovation ability,which is consistent with the "interdisciplinary learning(STEAM)” in the 13 th Five-Year Plan of Education Informatization issued by the Ministry of Education of our country on June 7,2016 and the educational concept of "Strengthening the education and training of innovative talents" emphasized by General Secretary Xi Jinping at the symposium of scientists.After the STEAM education concept was put forward by the United States in 2006.Educational activities are being carried out in various countries,including my own,and in the teaching design,curriculum design and development,creative education,information technology education,science education and other fields have achieved certain research results.However,the research progress in the field of discipline and teaching materials is slow.Chemistry is closely related to science and engineering,and the STEAM educational ideas will promote the development of chemistry,but also help students to infiltrate the scientific spirit,humanistic spirit and innovative ability in chemistry learning.Different from other teaching materials,teaching materials are the most direct reflection of the subject content of the teaching carrier,but also the most important material to reflect the current national mainstream of education ideas and views.The comparative study of Chinese and foreign textbooks has always been an important content in the field of educational research.Through the comparative analysis with foreign excellent textbooks,it can provide reference direction for the compilation of textbooks in China.The United States is the birthplace of STEAM education,STEAM education has established a more perfect research system,IB curriculum is called mature international quality education.At the same time,it is very important for students to learn from the global background.Improving students' ability to combine knowledge and practice,which is consistent with STEAM educational concept.This study selects the Chinese senior high school chemistry textbook teaching edition(2019edition)and the American IB curriculum standard level chemistry textbook(standard level chemistry,2014 year edition)to carry on the research comparison.The thesis is divided into the following parts:The first part,Asking questions.This paper puts forward the research background and significance from the aspects of educational background at home and abroad,the development of STEAM in subject education,the analysis of teachers' demand for the integration of STEAM ideas into chemistry subjects and teaching materials,and expounds the research contents,research objects,research methods and research ideas in detail.The second part,Literature review.Define the relevant concepts and comb the current situation of research.The core concepts of STEAM education and teaching materials are defined,and the research status of STEAM education and teaching materials at home and abroad is expounded.It mainly involves situational cognition theory,cognitive neuroscience,learning pyramid theory,STEAM pyramid theory.These theories have laid a good foundation for this paper to formulate evaluation dimensions.The third part,the construction of the STEAM concept comparison model of the fusion of chemistry teaching materials between China and the United States.In order to ensure the scientific nature of the research,two rounds of expert validity survey were carried out,and after repeated revision,the textbook evaluation model was finally obtained.The first dimension was knowledge dimension,thought and culture dimension,students' psychological development and cognition dimension,the secondary dimensions corresponding to the three primary dimensions are respectively the discipline integration degree and knowledge difficulty;scientific spirit and humanistic spirit;situational activation,content processing and exercise consolidation.Four different levels are also divided on this secondary dimension.The fourth part,the text content analysis and empirical research.Through the research and analysis of the text of the textbook,the Chinese version of high school chemistry textbooks and American IB high school chemistry textbooks have been integrated into the STEAM education concept in three aspects: knowledge dimension,thought and culture dimension,students' psychological development and cognitive dimension.Next,in the aspect of empirical research,the author compiles the textbook case and investigates the students' self-evaluation after the application of the textbook case.This paper first compiles the teaching material case of the fusion STEAM idea,and formulates the self-rating scale of the student to apply the fusion STEAM idea teaching material case,and uses the SPSS and the Rasch model to analyze the reliability,validity and quality of the scale.The following conclusions were drawn:(1)In terms of the knowledge dimension,these five subjects are covered in the two chemistry textbooks,which reflect the interdisciplinary content of STEAM education.The level of integration of subjects can reach 3,involving many subjects other than the main subject science(S)of the STEAM subject list,but there is no better integration of each subject.(2)In the spirit of science,IBC textbooks are at level 2 in both organic chemistry and redox reactions,In organic chemistry,the scientific spirit can reach level 3,The content of redox reaction is level 2;Humanistic,Except IBC the level of the textbook in the redox reaction is 1,both textbooks have a level of 2% in other content.As you can see,in the aspect of scientific spirit and humanistic spirit,the textbooks of the two countries can lead to students' analysis and discussion on scientific and humanistic content in specific ways.(3)In the dimension of students' psychological development and cognition,only the redox reaction situation in the human education edition is level 2.Both textbooks can basically design higher situational level 3 to activate students' cognition,that is,they can design situations closely related to students' actual social life and arouse students' interest.Although there are levels 3 and 4,they are relatively few,and they are in levels 1 and 2 as a whole;In the aspect of problem consolidation,the human teaching edition embodies level 2 as a whole in the two parts,that is,the design of exercises reflects the infiltration of social life background,and the inquiry and practice exercises are relatively few.(4)As can be seen from the self-rating scale options for the application of the concept of integration STEAM teaching materials,students generally choose the most options.In combination with the teacher's interviews,teacher indicates that students have a positive attitude towards the integration of STEAM educational concepts in the application of teaching materials,and that STEAM educational concepts to a large extent develop students' abilities and enable students to use them in practice,which is conducive to the cultivation of comprehensive talents,but students generally think that learning tasks are difficult and teachers are worried about the allocation of learning hours.Finally,According to the conclusion of the study,the author puts forward some suggestions on the preparation of teaching materials in the aspects of interdisciplinary,difficulty,situation,design of learning activities and exercises,and carries out research reflection and prospect.