A Hermeneutic Research On The Three-dimensional Content Of Next Generation Science Standards In The United States

The Next Generation Science Education Standards(NGSS)issued by the United States in 2013 proposed three dimensions of science education:Disciplinary Core Ideas,Science and Engineering Practices,and Crosscutting Concepts.This is also the most innovative aspect of NGSS compared to previous policy texts.The three-dimensional content of NGSS contains the latest scientific education concepts and teaching practical experience in the United States,which is reasonable in the age of science and technology.First,using the literature research methods to analyze the characteristics and limitations of the National Science Education Standards,the development process of NGSS,and the scientific education concepts contained in the three-dimensional content.The study found that the National Science Education Standards has the characteristics of paying attention to all students' understanding of science,focusing on scientific inquiry,and advocating the implementation of formative evaluation in the classroom.Its limitations are that scientific inquiry exposes many problems in practical application,the basic scientific concepts are complicated and outdated,the division of grades is not reasonable enough,and the implementation effect is unsatisfactory.The three-dimensional content of NGSS contains the two scientific education concepts,emphasizing the advancement of science learning,and the connection between science and other disciplines.Secondly,using the hermeneutics research method,we have successively explored the specific content and characteristics of the Disciplinary Core Ideas,Science and Engineering Practices,and Crosscutting Concepts.Disciplinary Core Ideas is the focus and condensing of some important knowledge in the scientific field,which reflects the characteristics of being small and precise.The 11 disciplinary core ideas in NGSS are distributed in the fields of physical sciences,life sciences,and the fields of earth and space.The disciplinary core ideas in the same field are tightly connected.Science and Engineering Practice includes eight elements,and NGSS clarifies the specific content of Science and Engineering Practice in each learning section.Science and Engineering Practice has the following characteristics: clearly define scientific practice and engineering practice;the eight practices are closely related to each other rather than independent;practice emphasizes students' previous experience;practice emphasizes evidence-based.The Crosscutting Concepts includes seven elements,NGSS also clearly puts forward the specific contents of seven Crosscutting Concepts in each learning section.Crosscutting Concepts has the following characteristics:comprehensiveness,element interconnectivity,and abstraction.Then,it explores the form and teaching model of NGSS threedimensional content integration,using case study method,selects two elementary school science cases to deeply analyze the integration of the three-dimensional content.From the perspective of the NGSS text,the integration of the three-dimensional content is realized through the form of Performance Expectations;in actual teaching,we should start from the Performance Expectations and use the 5E teaching model to realize the integration of the three-dimensional content.Finally,according to the current situation of science education in China,combined with the research of three-dimensional content in NGSS,some suggestions on science education in China are put forward in the“conclusion”: the first is to strengthen the connection between core ideas in the same field;the second is to promote “scientific inquiry” to “scientific practice”;the third is to integrate multi-disciplinary domain knowledge through “crosscutting concepts”.