Test Analysis Of "Cell Biology " In China High School Biology Olympiad From 2000 To 2020

The National Biology Olympiad for Middle School Students is one of the five discipline competitions that senior high school students actively participate in,in which the biology league is a necessary link of the competition system.At the same time,biology league is an extension of high school classroom teaching,and also an important way to find and train potential talents in biology at an early stage.The contents of knowledge tested in the written test of the biology league are extensive,including 14subjects such as"cell biology","biochemistry"and"genetics".Among them,"cell biology"is one of the main subjects tested,with the score ratio of about 9.00-11.00%,and at present,there is no research report on the systematic analysis of this test.Therefore,this paper takes the"Cell Biology"test questions of the National Biology League in recent 20 years as the research object,adopts literature analysis method,content analysis method and comparative research method to analyze the structure,expression form,examination scope and cognitive level of the test questions,and summarizes the examination emphases and changing trends of the test questions.Taking the scores of the contestants in Fujian competition area as the data,this paper uses statistical analysis method to analyze the knowledge scores,cognitive scores,difficulty and distinction as well as the more difficult questions,so as to understand the weaknesses of the students,in order to understand the weakness of students,and provide inspiration for students'preparation and competition guidance teaching.Here are the main conclusions.1.In terms of the structure of the test questions,the proportion of questions and scores of the test questions of cell biology in the biology league is basically stable,and the question type is tending to be standardized.In terms of the expression form of test questions,there are three kinds of test questions:no situation,simple situation and complex situation.From the perspective of change trend,the relative proportion of no situational questions is decreasing,accounting for only 12.50%in 2020,and the complex situational questions have a significant increase trend,which will rise to 75.00%in 2020,indicating that League Test will pay more attention to letting students think the hidden information in the context of the problem stem,and comprehensively apply relevant knowledge to solve complex problems.2.Compared with the current Curriculum Standards,the scope of cell biology examination(Competition Outline)has expanded the knowledge of"the structure and function of catalase and peroxisome","the function of cytoskeleton system","the change of cell cycle"and so on.The knowledge outside the competition outline is mainly focused on"virus","the latest research methods of cell biology","cell signal transduction and protein sorting",and the average score rate of Fujian candidates is generally low.If the knowledge tested is within the requirements of Competition Outline and Curriculum Standard",the score rate of Fujian examinees is generally high,which is more than65.00%.Therefore,it is necessary for Fujian players to learn according to the content of cell biology test(see Chapter 2 for details).3.Statistical analysis was carried out on the frequency of knowledge actually examined in the test questions.It was found that the topics of submicroscopic structure and function of cells included"cell membrane"(40 times),"nucleus and nuclear function"(25 times),"cell intima system"(24 times),etc.The topics of cell division included"differentiation,senescence and carcinogenesis of cells"(27 times),"main characteristics of chromosomal changes in meiosis"(19 times),"cell cycle(interphase G_[1],S,G_[2])"(10times).4.From the perspective of cognitive level,the test examined four cognitive levels:"memory""understanding""application"and"analysis".From the perspective of the relative proportion of scores,the cognitive level of"memory"and"understanding"is the key point of the test,and the cognitive level of"analysis"has increased greatly in the past five years,from 7.14%to 41.67%.The grade analysis showed that the score rate of"memory"and"analysis"cognitive level is low.Therefore,players in the future should not only focus on the accumulation and training of basic knowledge,but also need to transfer and apply their knowledge,so as to improve their memory and analytical cognitive level.5.in terms of difficulty,easy questions accounted for 34.23%,and questions above medium difficulty accounted for 65.77%.Most of the questions have a certain degree of difficulty.This reflects the need for the league to popularize biological knowledge while also looking for subject expertise and innovation,the purpose of potential students.In terms of degree of discrimination,the average value of degree of discrimination is 0.39,which is a better degree of discrimination.To some extent,it can screen the differences of students'actual academic level and achieve the purpose of the test.Through the specific analysis of the difficult questions(q?0.70),it was found that the knowledge of cytoskeleton system,structure and function of cell membrane was not only the focus of examination,but also the difficulty of examination,which reflected that the Fujian examinees read a little about the textbook of Cell Biology and the related literature of biology,and did not understand the experimental principle thoroughly enough.Therefore,in the process of guidance,teachers can further expand the important and difficult knowledge with the help of the textbook of Cell Biology and the search of related biological literature,and pay attention to the development of experimental teaching.