Design And Analysis Of Primary School Visual Programming Activities To Promote The Cultivation Of Computational Thinking

A new generation of data-driven revolution is taking place.Computational thinking and Programming competency are gradually attracting the public's attention,as an important quality and an important way to integrate into the intelligent era.As an important way to develop students' programming ability and computational thinking,Programming education has become the focus of basic education reform and deep cultivation.However,there are some problems in programming teaching and learning,such as skills-oriented,experience-driven,unclear learning process and untimely feedback diagnosis.Thus,based on primary school information technology class,this study constructs visual programming activities for primary school students to cultivate their computational thinking.In addition,from the perspective of learning analysis,we also collect programming interaction data streams to characterize their learning process and learning performance.These practices aim to promote the development of students' computational thinking and programming level.Based on literature review and practical needs,the research focuses on the following questions :(1)what elements,activities and processes should be included in visual programming teaching activities oriented to the cultivation of primary school students' computational thinking?(2)How to design data tools to record students' programming learning process from the perspective of learning process,so as to better analyze and describe and evaluate students' thinking performance?(3)Can the visual programming teaching mode and data tools for primary school students effectively cultivate and analyze students' computational thinking and programming level? What points should be paid attention to in teaching activities?First of all,through literature research,the research status of visual programming teaching and computational thinking training is sorted out,so as to clarify the training objectives and elements of visual programming education in primary schools,and summarize and compare classical teaching modes.On this basis,visual programming teaching activities are designed for the cultivation of primary school students' computational thinking.The teaching design principles,teaching activity flow,teaching task situation,scaffold guidance and evaluation methods are described in detail.Secondly,according to the learning characteristics of learners on the visual programming platform,this study designed fine-grained programming interaction activity flow based on x API specification,and then used Web technology to build a visual programming interaction data Acquisition mechanism(Programming Interactive Data Collection Mechanism,PIDCM)platform.The framework of programming behavior observation index is designed by combining computational thinking ability and visual programming evaluation gauge,so as to prepare for data collection,storage,analysis and mining in subsequent teaching practice.Finally,this study applies the teaching activity model and PIDCM mechanism in primary school visual programming class,gradually improves the activity model in teaching practice according to data feedback,student feedback and teacher reflection,and verifies the potential value and effectiveness of PIDCM mechanism through visual statistics,difference analysis and mining.Finally,combining with the three dimensions of computational thinking scale,process data feedback and student interview results,the cultivation situation of students' computational thinking in the proposed teaching activity mode was illustrated.Based on the cultivation of computational thinking,this study designed an activity model suitable for visual programming teaching in primary schools.Focusing on the relationship between activity context and ladder,it designed different teaching activities and guidance scaffolding to promote the development of students' five elements of computational thinking.In addition,students' programming learning and learning performance are observed and characterized based on process interactive activity flow,which supports teachers' teaching adjustment and personalized guidance.The practical results show that the activity model is effective in cultivating and developing primary school students' computational thinking and programming level,and the application value of PIDCM mechanism in teaching evaluation and feedback.