Research On The Performance Of Liquid Metal Magnetofluidic Power Generation Channel

With the exploitation of primary energy sources,the reserves of fossil energy are decreasing rapidly,while people’s demand for energy is increasing,which has formed a major contradiction in today’s society,and the country is constantly optimising its energy structure,accelerating carbon reduction and greening,and ultimately achieving the goal of energy security and carbon neutrality.Therefore the development and use of renewable energy should be accelerated.Wave energy,as one of the renewable energy sources,is now being supported by relevant research and the application technology is maturing,showing good prospects for the exploitation of renewable energy by mankind.Liquid Metal Magnetohydrodynamic（LMMHD）generators have a simpler structure and a simpler energy conversion process than conventional rotating generators,so it is of great importance to study the application of LMMHD wave energy generation systems in wave energy generators.This paper focuses on the characteristics of the power generation channel using numerical simulations to explore the effects of changes in channel parameters,inlet velocity and applied magnetic induction strength on the power generation performance.Firstly,the MHD module of Fluent software is used for the numerical simulation of the power generation channel;the basic assumptions are made to facilitate the model calculation;the equations of fluid mechanics are combined with the equations of electromagnetism to establish the control equations on top of the basic theory of liquid metal magnetic fluid.Numerical simulations are carried out using different research methods depending on whether or not there is a load,with the potential method being used when there is a load and the induced magnetic field method being used when there is no load.The Hall parameter calculation of the liquid metal magneto-fluid generator with the conducting fluid being gallium-indium-magnetic alloy has determined that the magneto-fluid generator with gallium-indium-tin alloy as the fluid medium selected in this paper is suitable for a continuous electrode Faraday type generator.The numerical simulation method chosen in this paper has been verified to be reasonable and accurate through two examples;a three-dimensional physical model is built on the basis of empirical parameters for the solution.Secondly,the dynamic and electromagnetic characteristics of the liquid metal magneto-fluidic power channel are analysed and studied.The extent to which the width of the generating channel,the applied magnetic induction strength and the inlet velocity affect the distribution of the flow field in the generating channel,the degree of fluctuation in the velocity profile and the end effects at the end of the generating channel were investigated.An analysis of the correlation between interaction parameters and the degree of fluctuation of the velocity profile and end effects.Analysis of the influence of the generation channel parameters on electromagnetic power,electromagnetic efficiency and input power according to electromagnetic parameters.The pattern of influence of the variation of the load factor on the electrical parameters is studied.Finally,based on the results of the numerical simulation analysis and a series of research analyses,an optimised set of data was selected in this paper as the channel parameters for the liquid metal magneto-hydrodynamic generator.In other words,when the inlet speed of the power channel V₀=5m/s,the applied magnetic induction B₀=0.8T and the width of the power channel d=0.2,the liquid metal magneto-fluid generator obtains the ideal power generation performance with the induced electric potential U₀=1.2V.If the load factor k=0.67 is taken,the input power₄9))≈4.4 k W,the output power≈1.V k W,and the power generation efficiency≈29.5%.There are good improvements in electromagnetic efficiency and power generation efficiency compared to the initial model.This project analyses the characteristics of the power generation channel by means of numerical simulations,investigates and analyses the causes of power generation performance losses,optimises the parameters of the power generation channel by combining theoretical analysis with numerical simulations on top of the original physical model,and finally achieves the objective of improving electromagnetic efficiency and power generation performance,providing a theoretical basis for the study of the LMMHD power generation channel.