Study On Regional Differences And Influencing Factors Of Total Factor Productivity Of Fruit Industry In China

Total factor productivity can measure the overall efficiency level of an industrial economy.Fruit industry,as an important industry in rural economy,is the main symbol of industrial strength in regions with advantages of featured agricultural products.China is the world’s main fruit production and consumption place,China’s fruit industry in the process of development is mainly dependent on land,capital,labor and other factors of cumulative drive,low efficiency,improve the fruit industry total factor productivity level is the fruit industry is also the rural economic development of the inevitable requirements.Due to the unbalanced regional development of agriculture in China,the total factor productivity of fruit industry varies greatly between different regions.It is of great practical significance to study the regional differences and influencing factors of total factor productivity of fruit industry in China.This study attempts to explore the path of sustainable and healthy development of fruit industry from the perspective of total factor productivity.Based on the panel data of Citrus production in China from 2006 to 2020,the technical efficiency of main fruit producing areas in China in 2020 was calculated by USING BCC model.Then de A-Malmquist index method was used to calculate and decompose the growth rate of total factor productivity of Fruit industry in China,and comparative study was conducted on production efficiency and growth mode.This paper measured the total factor productivity(TFP)of three main fruits in China(mandarin orange,tangerine and apple),compared and analyzed the regional differences and dynamic evolution characteristics of TFP in different periods.Then,the σ-convergence test and β-convergence test were used to compare the convergence of main fruit production areas.At last,Tobit model and panel vector autoregression model(PVAR)were used to investigate the differences of growth modes and sources of total factor productivity in fruit industry from the perspectives of varieties and regions.The results show that :(1)from the overall trend,the total factor productivity of fruit industry in China showed a declining trend from 2006 to 2020,with great inter-annual fluctuation.The average growth rate of total factor productivity of oranges,oranges and apples was-2.0%,0.04% and-6.5%,respectively.(2)In terms of regional differences,there were significant differences in the growth rates of total factor productivity in the four main producing areas.Total factor productivity increased by 2.1% in the western region,and decreased by 2.7% and 6.1% in the eastern and northeastern regions,respectively.This and fruit production center of gravity to move west have certain connection.(3)From the perspective of time series,the change of total factor productivity of Fruit industry in China has obvious time characteristics.In the first stage(2006-2013),the regions with TOTAL factor productivity greater than 1 were mainly in the western region.In the second stage(2014-2020),the total factor productivity in the western,central and eastern regions was lower than that in the first stage.Compared with the first stage,the total factor productivity in northeast China increased by 3.9%.(4)From the perspective of influencing factors,technological progress is the main factor affecting the total factor productivity of fruit industry,and agricultural materials price,fertilizer and labor input have great differences in the way and degree of influencing efficiency.Fertilizer input has a negative impact on the eastern region,but the impact is not small,the negative impact of human cost is particularly significant,the negative impact of pesticide is small but the contribution rate is not low.In the central region,the contribution rate of all influencing factors is balanced,and the negative contribution of fertilizer input is more prominent,while the contribution of human cost and natural disaster is slightly smaller.Although the western region was negatively impacted in the early stage,fertilizer input soon turned to positive effect on the total factor productivity of fruit industry.The response of the northeast region to labor cost fluctuated greatly,and there was almost no positive response to the negative impact of agricultural materials price level for a long period.The contribution rate of labor cost and agricultural material price to total factor productivity of fruit industry in northeast China is the largest among the four producing areas.According to the results of this study,this paper put forward to promote fruit industry in China is an effective means of total factor productivity growth four areas:(1)Reasonable investment to improve the utilization efficiency of fruit production factors in each region.(2)Develop different regional fruit industry development plans according to local conditions.(3)Innovation-driven,the establishment of modern fruit industry science and technology innovation system.(4)Policy guarantee to enhance disaster prevention and mitigation capability of fruit industry.