| In the context of global warming,the climate environment of urban public spaces continues to deteriorate.As an important discipline for regulating urban climate adaptation,current research is mostly focused on better quality outdoor public spaces.Due to the early construction period and old infrastructure in old neighborhoods,especially those lacking historical and cultural values,the high vulnerability of their own environment and the highly vulnerable groups among them will be difficult to withstand the threats brought by climate change.Based on this,this study takes old neighborhoods as the scope of spatial research,adopts the methods of behavior observation notation,movement track tracking and microclimate measurement to obtain the distribution of site users and meteorological data as the basic data,identifies the characteristics of user behavior distribution in old neighborhoods by combining sunlight superposition,evaluates climate comfort by microclimate measurement,and combines By identifying the behavioral characteristics of users in old neighborhoods through sunlight overlay,evaluating the climate comfort through microclimate measurements,exploring the microclimate characteristics and formation mechanism of streets in old neighborhoods by combining spatial elements and combinations,proposing corresponding climate-adaptive design strategies,and attempting to build an urban outdoor space design method based on the coupling relationship of "behavior-climate-space".Through the above study,we found that(1)the behavioral survey and insolation analysis based on old neighborhoods clarify that the key regulation time of streets and alleys is from 11:00 to 15:00.(2)The spatial climate problem of streets and alleys in winter is divided into four types: "with insolation,no space,high climate comfort","with insolation,space,low climate comfort","no sunshine,space,high climate comfort" and "no sunshine,no space,low climate comfort".(3)In summer,the spatial climate problems of streets and alleys are divided into three types: "three sides of thermal radiation,enclosed by low wind speed","afternoon sunshine area" and "double-time solar radiation peak".(4)In winter,the north-south street with height to width ratio(H/W)<2 alternates with time to produce sunlit areas on the east and west sides,and the sunlit area on the east side satisfies thermal comfort for a longer period of time.The layout of the street site can be preferred to the east side of the north-south street with a height-to-width ratio(H/W)<2.(5)The optimization of residential streets and alleys includes "integration of layout and public space","practical reconfiguration of spatial interface" and "embedded spatial nodes",while the optimization of commercial and residential streets and alleys includes "integration of layout and public space","practical reconfiguration of spatial interface" and "embedded spatial nodes".(5)The optimization methods for residential streets and alleys include "integration of layout and public space placement","practical reconfiguration of spatial interfaces",and "internal street revitalization by using intersections".Research shows that the formation of highly vulnerable climatic environments in old neighborhoods is not only an urban planning problem,but also reflects deeper socio-environmental issues.In order to improve the climate environment of old neighborhoods,a climate analysis framework needs to be established for different climate issues,scale perspectives and behavior patterns,and more comprehensive climate adaptation design strategies need to be proposed. |
