| The arbitrated quantum signature has the theoretical properties such as verifiability,unforgeability against the quantum adversary and undeniability,and it can also solve the potential disputation during the signature verification.Therefore,the arbitrated quantum signature has important research value in the field of information security.Based on the review and analysis of the arbitrated quantum signatures proposed in recent years,the security analysis of Zheng et al.’s the quantum signature protocol based on XOR encryption is presented,and the corresponding imporvements are proposed as well.Then,a quantum signature based on semi-trusted arbitrator is proposed,which can weaken the trust of the arbitrator.A new public key quantum signature is proposed,which can solve the arbitrator bottleneck problem.The main contributions of this paper are as follows:(1)We prove that Zheng et al.’s arbitrated quantum signature protocol based on XOR encryption is insecure against forgery and disavowal attacks.Then,an improved protocol is proposed,which not only overcomes the security drawbacks of the old protocol but also has the better efficiency.The improved protocol is mainly used to verify the classical message.(2)A semi-trusted arbitrated quantum signature protocol is proposed,in which the receiver can finish verifying the quantum signature with the help of the arbitrator.The arbitrator can be semi-trusted because he/she cannot forge the signature.Compared with the similar protocols,the proposed one is more secure and efficient.(3)A new quantum designed verifier signature protocol is proposed,in which the partners share the secret quantum key by the idea of Diffie-Hellman key exchange.The signer generates the quantum signature with the quantum private key.The verifier can verify the signature without any help of the third party.It is impossible for the arbitrator to be the bottleneck of the communication network because he/she does not take part in the protocol. |
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