| The development of tourism resources in scenic spots not only brings great economic benefits to the local area,but also poses a great threat to the local area.How to properly deal with the relationship between ecological environment protection and tourism development in scenic and historic interest area,so as to make the sustainable development of scenic and historic interest area,is a severe challenge currently facing at present.Ecological compensation is an important means to solve the conflict of interests between ecological nature environment and social economic development,and ecological compensation standard is the core content of ecological compensation mechanism.The existing research on ecological compensation standard of scenic and historic interest area is mostly focused on the theory,and insufficient attention is paid to the enforceability of ecological compensation standard.In this paper,remote sensing images were used as data sources to construct a dynamic ecological compensation accounting model for scenic spots based on ecological protection cost and ecosystem service value,and the ecological compensation standard was adjusted from theoretical value to more realistic compensation value.Therefore,the conflict between economic development and ecological environment protection in scenic and historic interest areas can be solved more effectively,providing decision-making support for the sustainable development of scenic and historic interest areas.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Based on the remote correlation between land use change and ecological service value,the estimation method of ecological service value,the estimation of ecological service value was optimized and adjusted,and the ecological service value of Shaosgan scenic area was calculated.From 1986 to 2020,the ecological service value of Shaoshan city increased form 1.453 billion Yuan to 2.177 billion Yuan,and increase of 724 million Yuan in 35 years,among which the adjusted value added of remote correlation between land use change and ecological service value was 446 million Yuan.When land type was converted to forest land,grassland and water body,the remote correlation value was positive.When converted to cultivated land,construction land and unused land,the remote correlation value is negative.The remote correlation distance of land conversion was different,with water body being the largest,forest land being the second,and the distance of other land being basically the same,indicating that water body and forest land contributed the most to the regulation service function.In order to ensure the health of ecological circulation in the study area,attention should be paid to the management of water resources and forest resources.(2)Based on the economic development of study area and reference area,the cost of ecological protection is analyzed,and the cost of ecological protection in Shaoshan scenic area is calculated.From 1986 to 2020,the cost of ecological protection in Shaoshan city was0.042 to 1.204 billion Yuan,an increase of 1.162 billion Yuan.The cost of ecological protection increased sharply in 35 years,which was about 30 times of that at the beginning of the period.This was mainly because of the rapid development of social economy since the reform and development,and the opportunity cost loss of Shaoshan city increased rapidly due to the restricted of its development.(3)Based on the ecological services value and the ecological protection cost,a new parameter,the adjustment coefficient of ecological compensation willingness R and the spatial-temporal adjustment coefficient K,were introduced to establish the dynamic model of ecological compensation standard accounting,and the dynamic compensation standard accounting,and the dynamic compensation value of Shaoshan scenic and historic interest area was calculated.From 1986 to 2020,the adjustment coefficient R of ecological compensation intention in Shaoshan city was 0.1069—0.1334.The spatiotemporal adjustment coefficient K of ecological compensation was 0.7491—0.4880.The actual compensation amount of Shaoshan scenic and historic interest area from 1986 to 2020 is 119—220 million Yuan,which changes dynamically with time.The increase of compensation amount is mainly due to the rapid development of social economy,while the ecological development of scenic and historic interest area is restricted due to tourism protection.This compensation amount is within the range of the governments at all levels,which is in line with the reality,indicating that the dynamic ecological compensation standard model of scenic spots has certain credibility.In the process of calculation the ecological compensation standard of Shaoshan scenic area historic interest area,it is found that the temporal and spatial adjustment coefficient K of ecological compensation decreases with the increase of years.In theory,with the rapid development of social economy in recent years all levels of governments’ willingness to pay rise,its compensation coefficient of air conditioning should be rising,but for 35 years,not only of Shaoshan city in the provinces and cities in the development of Shaoshan city itself is in constant development,and Shaoshan city tourism development is very rapid,the compensation for pressing are also fell sharply;Therefore,the temporal and spatial adjustment coefficient of compensation finally shows a downward trend.It is believed that the near future,Shaoshan city can achieve the goal of harmonious economic and ecological development without the government’s ecological compensation.Therefore,we can expect that with the rapid development of social economy,people pay more attention to the living environment and begin to spontaneously protect the environment,and the intensity of ecological compensation by the government will gradually decrease.We can also expect that in the future,ecological compensation in some regions will gradually end its historical mission,and all regions will realize the harmonious development of social economy and ecological environment,as well as human and nature. |
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