Resech On Cooling Effect And Planning Strategy Of Urban Parks In China

Currently,the deterioration of urban thermal environment has caused a series of urban ecological environment problems and increased the heat-related risks of urban residents.The cooling effect of urban parks is an important measure to improve the urban thermal environment.How to plan and layout urban parks reasonably in the limited space of the city,so as to maximize their cooling effect and improve the urban thermal environment,is worthy of further discussion and application value.In this paper,we synthesized the theories and methods of urban environmentology,urban ecology and urban climatology,used remote sensing and GIS technology,based on the arid/semi-arid,sub-humid and humid climatic regions,502 urban parks in China were taken as examples,we carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the cooling effect and analyze the importance of the influencing factors of the cooling effect,and classifies 502 parks according to the cooling effect,analyzes the characteristics of the cooling effect of each type of park,and puts forward some suggestions for urban park planning.The results showed that from arid/semi-arid,semi-humid,and humid regions,the cooling intensity,cooling area and cooling gradient of the park increase,and the cooling efficiency decreases.The proportion of water area in the park and the surrounding temperature are the main influencing factors for the cooling intensity and cooling gradient,the park area and shape index are the main influencing factors for the cooling area,and the park area and the aggregation index of water in the park are the main influencing factors for the cooling efficiency.The main influencing factors of park cooling effect are influenced by climatic conditions,and the importance of influencing factors on cooling effect is also different in different climatic regions.The 502 urban parks can be divided into four categories according to the cooling effect,and parks with different characteristics and types have different cooling effect characteristics.In addition,in the process of quantifying cooling effect,the size of buffer zone affects the quantification result of cooling effect,and the buffer zone should be 300 m when quantifying cooling effect of park.When using the fitted equation method to construct the temperature curve,the larger the impervious surface area around the park,the better the fitting effect of the temperature curve and the more accurate the quantification results.Therefore,in the construction of urban parks,priority should be given to the more important factors for cooling effect;To make use of the advantages and effects of different characteristics and types of parks with different cooling effects,reasonable layout,which helps to enhance the cooling effect of parks,improve the urban thermal environment.In arid/semi-arid and semi-humid regions,the optimal area proportion of waterbody and vegetation within the park were approximately 1:2 and 1:1,respectively,and the park area should be 16 ha,in the humid region,addition of waterbody area within park to the best extent possible,the park area should be 19 ha,where the park has a significant cooling effect.This study helps to reveal the spatial distribution,main influencing factors,and characteristics of park cooling effects under different climate types,and also provides some reference for quantitative methods of cooling effects.The research results are expected to supplement the understanding and cognition of the cooling effect of urban parks and provide reference for the optimization and construction of urban parks to improve the urban thermal environment.