| Biodiversity is an important cornerstone for human survival and development.As one of the main components of Chinese biodiversity conservation strategy,nature reserves have become popular areas for research on environmental protection in recent years.Studying the distribution and dynamic changes of biodiversity in nature reserves is an important link in the implementation of biodiversity and abundance protection.Scarabaeoidea are sensitive to the environment,have a diverse diet,complex and diverse living habits,and have a wide distribution range.They are typical groups suitable for studying biodiversity.In order to understand the species diversity and occurrence dynamics of Scarabidae in Hunan Mangshan National Nature Reserve,this study used Flight Intercept Trap(FIT),Pitfall Trap(PT)and Malaise Trap(MT)combined the three passive collection methods to systematically investigate and analyze the diversity of Scarabaeoidea insects in the reserve,and continuously observe the dynamic changes of their communities in different months.Based on biodiversity theory and analysis methods,we elucidated the composition,occurrence dynamics and diversity characteristics of the insect community of Scarabaeoidea in Mangshan National Nature Reserve;It provides a theoretical basis for the protection of insect diversity of Scarabaeoidea and the sustainable utilization of biological resources in the reserve,and provides sufficient support for the effective management and protection of the reserve.The main results of this experimental study are as follows:(1)There are abundant Scarabaeoidea resources: In this study,4246 beetles belonging to 5 families and 207 species were recorded,among which 5 species were newly recorded in Hunan.The species diversity index,dominance index,richness index and evenness index were 4.097,0.963,25.98 and 0.731.As far as the number of species is concerned,the Scarabaeidae is the most abundant,with 173 species,accounting for83.57% of the total number of species,Followed by Lucanidae(17 species)>Geotrupidae(8 species)> Glaphyridae(6 species)> Ochodaeidae(3 species).As far as the number of individuals is concerned,the total number of Scarabaeoidea was up to4045 individuals,accounting for 95.0%,and the others were in the order of Geotrupidae(137 individuals)> Lucanidae(54 individuals)> Glaphyridae(6 individuals)>Ochodaeidae(4 individuals)).In the reserve,41.82%(1776)of golden tortoises were distributed among 3.38%(7 species)of species,dominant species occupy most of the ecological niches,and rare species are at risk of disappearing in the stress environment.(2)With the increase of altitude,the community composition of Orchididae changed gradually: The number of species and individuals in the middle altitude area(900-1300 m)is the largest,with 151 species and 2098 individuals;the number of species in the high altitude area(1300-1700 m)is the least with 117 species and 1536 individuals.The low-altitude areas(500-900 m)had the least number of individuals,but the number of species was in the middle,with 120 species and 612 individuals.The species diversity index,dominance index and richness index of Scarabaeoidea in low-altitude areas were significantly higher than those in high-altitude areas,and the evenness index in mid-altitude areas was the highest;There was moderate dissimilarity between high altitude and low altitude;there was no significant difference in diversity between mid-altitude and high-altitude and low-altitude regions,and showed moderate similarity,showing obvious intermediateness and transition.(3)The occurrence dynamics of Scarabaeoidea showed obvious seasonality,which mainly occurs from May to July.The variation trend of the number of individuals and species of Scarabidae showed a unimodal pattern.The total number of individuals gradually increased from January,peaked from June to July,and decreased significantly from August to September.From October to April of the following year is less than 6.00%of the whole year.The total number of species gradually increased from January,and peaked in May.A total of 108 species accounted for 52.17% of the total number of species in the year,and gradually decreased from June to December.Among them,Scarabaeidae insects have the longest activity cycle,followed by Geotrupidae.(4)FIT is more suitable for the collection of Scarabaeoidea insects,but the combination of three passive collection methods can collect more comprehensive insect species and more objective data than a single collection method: There are certain differences in the species,quantity and seasonality of the beetles collected by the three different traps: FIT,PT and MT.FIT collected a total of 3389 specimens of 160 species from 5 families,PT collected a total of 720 individuals of 58 species from 3 families,and MT collected a total of 137 individuals of 28 species from 3 families.The community diversity index,species richness index and dominance index collected by FIT were the highest,indicating that the community collected by FIT was relatively complex,and this collection method was more suitable for the survey of Scarabaeoidea.However,the combination of the three passive collection methods can more comprehensively reflect the community distribution characteristics than the single FIT collection. |
PDF Full Text Request