| At least one third of a person’s life is spent in bed,so the health and comfort of the mattress is very important for human health.At present,there are many types of mattresses on the market,with uneven quality.In order to sleep well,people do not hesitate to spend a lot of money,but they often have little effect.This shows that the research on mattresses that are conducive to sleep health has gradually become a hot topic.Numerous studies have shown that most sleep health problems come from spine health during sleep or skin problems caused by the mattress’s effect on the human body or even diseases such as pressure ulcers.In order to alleviate the problem of sleep health,this paper studies and analyzes the mattress from the two aspects of mattress support performance and pressure distribution on the bed-bed interface,explores its influence mechanism,and designs and evaluates the quantitative decompression of decompression mattresses Customized production provides scientific theoretical basis.This article first quantifies the support performance of the mattress according to the standard,and analyzes the material and structure of the mattress,the hardness of each layer of the mattress,the hardness distribution of each layer,the hardness level,the hardness level distribution,the hysteresis loss rate and the paste The relationship between the supporting performance evaluation indexes such as fit degree,reveals the mechanism of the influence of the mattress structure and material on the mattress supporting performance,which is used as the scientific theoretical basis for optimizing the mattress supporting performance.In addition,this article uses the method of body pressure test,using eight body pressure distribution evaluation indicators to analyze the pressure distribution between the human-bed interface in detail.The indicators include maximum pressure,average pressure,pressure index,and different pressures.Threshold contact area、percentage of contact area、wave width index、half-width index、longitudinal pressure distribution curve.In addition to the research and evaluation of the cushioning performance of the mattress,this paper also obtains the relationship between the two by analyzing the data between the support performance and the pressure distribution,and then explores the mattress material and structure and people-The correlation between the pressure distribution between bed interfaces.This is used as the scientific and healthy theoretical basis for the design of decompression mattresses.Under the guidance of these theoretical basis,the design of decompression mattresses in this paper is realized.The main research results of this paper are as follows:(1)According to the hardness of the mattress,the mattress can be divided into 1-10 grades,and according to the degree of fit,the mattress can be divided into 1-5 grades.Studies have shown that the mattress cushion material can affect the mattress surface hardness,core hardness,hysteresis loss rate and fit.If the mattress pad material is hard,the hardness value of the mattress surface layer and the core layer is small,the hysteresis loss rate is large,and the fit is poor.The material of the core layer will affect the hardness,hardness level and hysteresis loss rate of each layer of the mattress,and will have little effect on the fit of the mattress.Generally,the softer the bed core material,the greater the hardness value of the mattress,and the softer the mattress as a whole.(2)The different structure of the mattress will also affect the support performance of the mattress.The thicker the mattress cushion layer,the greater the hardness index value,the softer the mattress,the better the fit;the core layer thickness is different,the mattress surface layer hardness and hysteresis loss rate are significantly different,but the mattress fit The difference between degrees is not obvious.In addition,the combination of the core material of the mattress will also affect the support performance of the mattress.The adjustment and optimization of the layered material of the mattress can be adjusted to optimize or reduce the support performance of the mattress.If the bed core is an independent bag spring,the hysteresis loss rate and fit of the spring mattress are generally higher than those without a spring.(3)There is a significant positive correlation between the mattress hardness indexes(surface hardness,core hardness,bottom hardness and hardness level)and the fit of the mattress,but the correlation between the hysteresis loss rate and the fit of the mattress is not Significantly.(4)The hardness distribution of the mattress will affect the support performance of various parts of the human body.Especially the support of the shoulder,back,waist and buttocks is very important to maintain the health of the human spine and sleep.(5)According to the evaluation indexes of various body pressures,it can be seen that,in the experimental mattresses,the overall cushioning effect of the mattresses 8 and 10 is better;the better the cushioning effect of the shoulders of the 3rd and 10th;the hips of the 7th and 10th Slow pressure effect is better.(6)The support performance of the mattress is related to the maximum pressure,average pressure,pressure index,contact area within different pressure thresholds,wave width index,half wave width index and longitudinal pressure distribution curve of the human-bed interface.Among them,when the mattress hardness level and the fit are large,the maximum pressure,average pressure,pressure index,wave width index,and half wave width index between the human-bed interface are small,and the PAI≥2.67KPa and PAI≥4.0Kpa thresholds The contact area within the limited range is small,and the mattress has a good pressure relief effect;the contact area within the threshold range of PAIT,PAI≥0.67KPa and PAI≥1.33KPa is large,and the mattress relief effect is poor.(7)Comparing and analyzing the longitudinal pressure distribution curve of the person-bed interface and the longitudinal distribution diagram of the softness and hardness of the mattress,it is found that the relationship between the two is not obvious.Because the difference in hardness value between the parts of the mattress is small,the person-bed The longitudinal pressure distribution on the bed interface basically shows the pressure of the supine buttocks and the pressure of the shoulders on the side.The pressure distribution between the bed-bed interface of most mattresses is not ideal,especially the shoulders,backs,waists and hips of the human body. |
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