| Since the birth of human civilization,textiles have always played a role in protecting people from cold and covering their bodies.With the development of science and technology,the quality of human life has been improved,and the requirements for textiles are not limited to a single function.Therefore,the development of multifunctional textiles with application value can help people to cope with various scenarios.In this thesis,we use the magnetron sputtering method to deposit multilayered film on the textiles to achieve surface modification.Through the selection of materials,design of the structure,and optimization of the sputtering process,the prepared functional fabric has efficient electromagnetic interference shielding performance,excellent infrared camouflage performance,and personal thermal management performance,and finally,the functional fabric is endowed with rich structural color by introducing an additional high refractive index dielectric layer,as follows:(1)To achieve high electromagnetic interference shielding performance of functional textiles,the textile is modified with Ag,and the sandwich structure of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)/Ag/PTFE(PAP)is designed.The PTFE not only has efficient protection for Ag,but also can give the fabric surface excellent hydrophobic properties.Through the optimization of PTFE deposition process,the water contact angle of PAP is up to by optimizing the PTFE deposition process,PAP has a water contact angle of 125.7°and good self-cleaning function and resistance to acid and alkali,abrasion,bending and washing.The electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of PAP with different Ag layer thicknesses is explored,and the effect of PTFE on the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness is investigated.When the Ag layer thickness is less than 20 nm,PTFE has a greater effect on the shielding effectiveness,while when the Ag layer thickness is greater than 20 nm,PTFE has almost no effect on the shielding effectiveness.In addition,a double-sided PAP(D-PAP)structure was designed and a Fabry-Pe?rot resonant cavity was constructed to further improve the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness compared with PAP,and the average shielding effectiveness of D-PAP with a total Ag layer thickness of 100 nm reached 73 d B at X-band.The average shielding effectiveness of D-PAP with Ag layer thickness of 100 nm reached 73 d B in X-band.(2)The infrared camouflage performance and personal thermal management performance of PAP were thoroughly investigated.The surface infrared emissivity of PAP decreased with the increase of Ag layer thickness,and the average emissivity in the infrared wavelength band of 3-14μm was less than 10%when the thickness of the Ag layer reached 50 nm,which had excellent infrared camouflage effect and thermal insulation type personal thermal management performance.The insulation performance of the cotton textile,PAP,and D-PAP were compared by a homemade insulation performance measurement system,and they increased the human skin temperature simulated through electric heaters by 3.6,5.9 and 6.3°C,respectively,under the same environment,and the heat radiation loss power per unit area was calculated as 42.17,1.51 and 1.17 W/m~2 for the three.(3)In order to realize the structural color formation of PAP functional fabrics,Ti N_x or Ti O_xlayer with high refractive index is introduced on PAP,together with Ag layer with high reflectivity.And the thickness of Ti N_x and Ti O_x layer is regulated to produce functional textiles with rich structural colors.The introduction of Ti N_x has given PAP its main colors:yellow,light purple,dark blue,brown and dark green;the introduction of Ti O_x has given PAP its main colors:yellow,dark brown,purple,silver gray and sky blue.In this thesis,the PAP organic-inorganic multilayer structure are proposed,which imparts multifunctional properties to common textiles,such as electromagnetic interference shielding,infrared camouflage and personal warming thermal management.In addition,the rich structural colors are generated by introducing the Ti N_x or Ti O_x layer.The studies facilitate the multi-functionalization of textiles in a pollution-free,emission-free,and eco-friendly way.Compared with traditional electroplating and dyeing industries for realizing electromagnetic interference shielding and rich colors,the employment of a vacuum physical vapor deposition technique would hardly generate any pollution.And the development of novel optical and electromagnetic structural designs in textiles would bring about new features and functions to traditional textiles in terms of wearable,intelligent interaction,and human health applications. |
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