Research On Booking And Cooperation Contract Of Liner Transportation Supply Chain Considering Carbon Reduction

In recent years,global carbon emissions have gradually increased and the problem of global warming has been intensifying,bringing about frequent environmental disasters and causing great negative impacts on human beings.Carbon emission reduction in shipping industry is an important part of the general trend of emission reduction.In the context of carbon emission reduction,the supply chain consisting of freight forwarding companies and liner shipping companies is considered as the object.Finally,a comparative study was conducted to examine the effect of emission reduction and the expected revenue of freight forwarders and liner shipping companies.The main findings of the study are as follows:When the government first selects the administrative penalty mechanism,a model is constructed for liner shipping supply chain slot booking decision based on two cooperative contracts,the wholesale price contract and the option contract,and the contract synergy effect based on the two cooperative contracts under the administrative penalty mechanism is investigated by comparative analysis.The study shows that,under the government’s choice of administrative penalty mechanism,both liner shipping companies and freight forwarders choose the wholesale price contract for cooperation,and both liner shipping companies and freight forwarders have the optimal carbon emission reduction effect,and both liner shipping companies and freight forwarders have the optimal expected revenue;at the same time,both liner shipping companies and freight forwarders choose the wholesale price contract for cooperation,and both liner shipping companies and freight forwarders have the optimal carbon emission reduction effect,and both liner shipping companies and freight forwarders have the optimal expected revenue.At the same time,both liner carriers and freight forwarders have the optimal carbon reduction effect by choosing wholesale contracts,and both liner carriers and freight forwarders have the optimal expected revenue.The numerical calculation shows that when the government chooses the administrative penalty mechanism,freight forwarders have better expected benefits when they choose the wholesale price contract,while liner shipping companies have better expected benefits when they choose the option contract,and the carbon emission reduction effect is the same when liner shipping companies and freight forwarders choose the two contracts.When the government first chooses the carbon emission trading market mechanism,a model is constructed for booking space in the liner shipping supply chain based on two cooperative contracts,namely,the wholesale price contract and the option contract,and the synergistic effect of the two cooperative contracts under the carbon emission trading market mechanism is studied through comparative analysis.The study shows that,under the government’s choice of carbon emission trading market mechanism,both liner shipping companies and freight forwarders choose the wholesale price contract for cooperation,and both liner shipping companies and freight forwarders have the optimal carbon emission reduction effect,and both liner shipping companies and freight forwarders have the optimal expected revenue;meanwhile,both liner shipping companies and freight forwarders choose the wholesale price contract for cooperation,and both liner shipping companies and freight forwarders have the optimal carbon emission reduction effect,and both liner shipping companies and freight forwarders have the optimal expected revenue.At the same time,both liner carriers and freight forwarders choose to cooperate with wholesale contracts,and both liner carriers and freight forwarders achieve the optimal carbon reduction effect.The results of the numerical calculation show that when the government chooses the carbon emission trading market mechanism,both freight forwarders and liner shipping companies have better returns when they choose to cooperate with the option contract,and the carbon emission reduction effect is better when they choose to cooperate with the option contract compared with the carbon emission reduction effect when they choose to cooperate with the wholesale price contract.In summary,when the government chooses the carbon emission trading market mechanism,liner shipping companies and freight forwarders can achieve Pareto optimality when they choose the option contract to cooperate,so both liner shipping companies and freight forwarders are motivated to choose this synergistic contract.Management insights are drawn from the study results.First,the mode of action and the effect of the administrative penalty mechanism and the market mechanism of carbon emissions trading are revealed.Second,the cooperation approach of the shipping supply chain is optimized.Third,an optimal selection strategy is proposed.