| With the concept of ecological civilization construction,the state has paid more and more attention to ecological restoration and natural protection.Protecting the ecological environment has become an important support for promoting economic development and plays a vital role in coordinating the relationship between human production and life and the natural environment.This is the key to achieving regional sustainable development,especially for areas with fragile ecological environment.Based on the ecological risk of landscape,the ecological optimization of the landscape pattern in the county area is conducive to guiding the rational use of land space,enhancing the ecological security of the county and the green transformation and development of villages and towns,so as to realize the construction of ecological civilization and the sustainable development of economy and society.This paper takes Tailai County,Qiqihar City,Heilongjiang Province as the research area,and comprehensively uses the theoretical basis of landscape architecture,landscape ecology,ecology and other disciplines.Based on 3S and other related technologies,this paper explores the spatial and temporal evolution of landscape pattern in Tailai County,and explores the relationship with landscape ecological risk assessment.Firstly,based on the remote sensing interpretation data of land use in 1980,2000 and 2020,combined with field investigation,the spatial and temporal evolution of landscape pattern in Tailai County was analyzed by using land use dynamic degree analysis and landscape pattern index analysis method.Secondly,the evaluation system of landscape ecological risk in Tailai County is constructed,and the spatial autocorrelation model is used to explore and analyze the spatial and temporal evolution of landscape ecological risk and its spatial correlation analysis.Thirdly,the correlation between the evolution of landscape pattern and landscape ecological risk in Tailai County is analyzed.Through the mutual feedback of pattern and attribute,the adaptation and adjustment of landscape ecological process are realized,and the degree of regional landscape risk is reduced.The main achievements are as follows :(1)From 1980 to 2020,the evolution of land use structure and landscape pattern in Tailai County changed significantly.The land use types in Tailai County are divided into six types : cultivated land,forest land,grassland,water area,construction land and unused land.From the perspective of spatial structure,the six types of land use have changed significantly.The area of cultivated land and water area has the largest change,which is 242.54 km2 and-336.78 km2 respectively.The area of grassland land shows a negative growth trend.From the perspective of landscape pattern,the connectivity between patches of various landscape types gradually improved,the level of landscape fragmentation gradually slowed down,the landscape connectivity in the region was improved,and the landscape structure was adjusted.(2)There is a significant correlation between landscape pattern and landscape ecological risk.With the influence of human activities and the promotion and implementation of relevant policies,the contribution of patch number and aggregation index to landscape ecological risk remained at a relatively high level,while the influence of maximum patch index,Shannon diversity index and landscape segmentation index on landscape ecological risk always existed,but the contribution was low.(3)Constructing ecological security pattern and paying attention to the construction of management system are important strategies for landscape pattern optimization.Strengthen the government ’s macro-control,moderately restrict the impact of human activities on the ecosystem,and put the construction of ecological civilization into practice;adhere to regional coordinated development,enhance landscape heterogeneity,functional diversity and edge buffer zone construction,actively promote the green transformation and development of townships,and fully integrate into the national two horizontal and three vertical urban development pattern.Through the research and analysis of landscape pattern and landscape ecological risk in Tailai County,this paper explores the optimization strategy of landscape pattern,and provides theoretical reference for future researchers and relevant practitioners to carry out research on county landscape pattern optimization.At the same time,this study provides a scientific basis for the healthy and sustainable development of Tailai County in the future urbanization process. |
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