| With the depletion of land resources such as oil and natural gas,more and more people have turned their attention to the ocean.The oil and gas resources in the ocean account for about one-third of the world’s oil and gas resources,which is of great significance for meeting human energy consumption.Since the beginning of the last century,mankind has begun to vigorously develop ocean resources and various ocean structures.Came into being.My country’s South China Sea is very rich in oil and gas resource storage,but the soil conditions are very complex,ranging from ordinary clay and sand to layered soil with completely different properties from clay and sand,and then to calcareous sand and calcareous rock.Under such complex and harsh soil conditions,anchoring equipment should be carefully selected for application.Gravity anchors are the earliest and most widely used anchors in the anchoring system.The materials used to make gravity anchors are generally broken metal,steel plates or some other high-density materials.A gravity anchor mainly relies on the friction between the anchor bottom and the soil under its own weight to provide horizontal bearing capacity.The magnitude of the horizontal load it bears is a function of the friction between the anchor and the soil and the shear strength of the soil under the anchor.Therefore,gravity anchors are suitable for a wide range of soils.Therefore,for practical needs,this paper selects gravity anchors for related research.In this paper,the finite element software ABAQUS is used to numerically simulate the horizontal load-bearing process of the gravity anchor in the soil,and the correctness of the numerical simulation process is verified through the indoor model test.The article first introduces the research background of this article,that is,the main body of the South my country Sea.It also introduces the related types of anchoring,focusing on the related types of gravity anchors.In addition,the research progress of gravity anchors by domestic and foreign scholars is also introduced.Secondly,it introduces the soil conditions of cohesive soil,including density,shear strength and Poisson’s ratio,and also introduces the related plastic models of soil:Drucker-Prager plastic model and Mohr-Coulomb plastic model.Then introduced the related theories of ABAQUS software,used ABAQUS software for modeling,calculated the relevant bearing capacity of keyed anchors,flatbottomed anchors and eight-keyed anchors,and conducted indoor model tests to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation results of gravity anchors.,Then analyzed the bearing capacity mechanism of the gravity anchor in the clay,found that it was progressive failure,and compared and analyzed the different bearing mechanisms of flat-bottomed anchors,keyed anchors and eight-keyed anchors.It was concluded that the shear bond affected the anchor to the soil.Finally,the recovery and pulling force of the gravity anchor is calculated and analyzed.Finally,the factors affecting the horizontal bearing capacity of gravity anchors in clay are discussed.The anchor bottom area,anchor tip shape,and clay soil parameters have been calculated and discussed separately on the bearing capacity of gravity anchors.The following conclusions are drawn: the anchor bottom area has one In the optimal range,soil cohesion,internal friction angle and bearing capacity are all positively correlated.Finally,two new types of gravity anchors are discussed and the bearing capacity calculations are carried out. |
