| As a new type of transportation mode,LNG tank container transportation has gained wide attention worldwide.Several pilot projects of LNG tank container transportation have been carried out in North America,Europe and Asia,and a lot of practical experience has been accumulated.Water transport of LNG tank container is the same as ordinary container,which is in the form of container for water transport,with the characteristics of good storage and transportation,and strong flexibility.Some regions at home and abroad have already adopted this method to transport LNG energy.At present,many domestic and foreign enterprises,scientific research and regulatory agencies have carried out many theoretical demonstrations,actual ship tests and small-scale commercial operations of LNG tank container waterway transportation.With more and more LNG tank container ships,the probability of maritime accidents and environmental pollution is bound to increase.In order to reduce the probability of accidents in future LNG tank container ships and enhance the prevention and control ability of vessels,this thesis conducts a study on accident prevention and response measures for LNG tank container ships.According to the document "Requirements for Safe Transport of LNG Transportable Tank Containers Carried in Whole Ships(for Trial Implementation)" issued by the Ministry of Transport on July 06,2020,LNG tank container ships refer to ships engaged in carrying LNG tank containers in whole ships,which can be divided into existing container ships and new or modified ships,among which,the age of other types of modified ships shall not exceed 12 years.The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code(IMDG 2020 version)requires that LNG tank containers must be cabin-loaded and need to avoid living and living premises,and IMDG requirements limit the number of ordinary container ships carrying LNG tank containers,and at present,no LNG tank container ship transporting LNG has a gross tonnage of more than20,000 GT.The LNG tank container ship studied in this thesis is a container ship that can be converted to carry LNG tank containers,referred to as LNG tank container ship.In this thesis,according to the age and tonnage of LNG tank container ships in actual operation,container vessels of age not more than 12 years and gross tonnage not more than 20,000 GT from 2011 to 2020 are selected as the research objects,and these container ships meet the requirements of transporting LNG tank container ships.In this thesis,by reviewing LNG tank container related literature,summarizing and analyzing LNG tank container hazard factors,using gray correlation analysis,cross-tabulation analysis and statistical analysis,six indicators of accident type,ship age,ship tonnage,ship’s water area at the time of accident,ship state and accident cause are analyzed and studied.It is found that human error is the most important cause of accidents,the main types of accidents are loss of control and personnel injury,and accidents are most likely to happen in port waters and during loading and unloading,and accidents are more likely to happen to ships of older age and lower tonnage.According to land transportation accident reports,the main causes of LNG tank container leakage are rupture of piping in the valve box and abnormal pressure in the tank which causes the safety valve to jump,thus triggering fire,explosion hazard,low temperature and asphyxiation hazard.In view of the accident study of container ships and the causes of LNG tank container leakage,this thesis proposes preventive measures for LNG tank container ships from the perspective of the 4 elements of "human-machine environmentmanagement" in the accident system,so as to provide a better understanding of how LNG tank container ships can navigate safely.This thesis provides valuable reference information for managers in formulating safety management measures and provides certain reference significance for the safe operation of LNG tank container ships. |
