Synthesis And Characterization Of Cadmium Hydroxychloride

Since the exfoliation of graphene,a variety of 2D materials with similar properties have been discovered and fabricated.These materials have ultra-thin two-dimensional layered structures and have shown promising applications in energy storage due to their peculiar structural properties and excellent chemical stability.Cd(OH)Cl is another class of two-dimensional layered material that can be easily peeled off due to its structural characteristics.This material offers a wide range of applications because of its stable existence in air,minimal preparation cost,and simple synthesis procedures.Furthermore,electrostatic doping and hole doping have been shown to create exotic ferromagnetism in monolayer or bulk phase Cd(OH)Cl.In this study,three kinds of Cd(OH)Cl materials were successfully synthesized by solid phase method and hydrothermal method.The impact of synthesis techniques and reaction conditions on product morphology were investigated,yielding many innovative approaches for the creation of Cd(OH)Cl materials.In addition,the crystal structure and band structure of the material have been studied by a combination of experiments and calculations.The optical,magnetic and electrochemical properties of the material were also studied,and the impact of morphology on the physical characteristics of Cd(OH)Cl material was investigated,providing valuable data support for future study on novel properties and applications of Cd(OH)Cl.The primary findings are as follows:(1)Material synthesis: Firstly,we used the solid phase method with less environmental impact to find its optimal window by adjusting the ratio of reactants and reaction conditions,and prepared hydroxycadmium chloride nanosheets under the condition of 1:0.8 molar ratio of cadmium hydroxide and cadmium chloride;Secondly,we used the hydrothermal method to synthesize microscale hydroxycadmium chloride materials with high crystallinity and hexagonal prism morphology.Based on the hydrothermal method,we synthesize hydroxycadmium chloride micrometer material with a hollow hexagonal pyramid morphology using urea.(2)Material characterization: XRD was used to confirm that the prepared sample was hexagonal Cd(OH)Cl phase.SEM and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine the Cd(OH)Cl samples.The surface elements and chemical states of the Cd(OH)Cl sample were determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The bonding properties of the sample were investigated using infrared and Raman spectroscopy.The X-ray diffraction data of three Cd(OH)Cl samples with different morphologies were fitted to obtain the information of unit cell parameters and unit cell volume of Cd(OH)Cl samples,and the crystal structure diagram was drawn.The band structure of the material was obtained from theoretical calculations.This material has a calculated energy gap of 2.56 e V and is a direct bandgap semiconductor.The nitrogen absorption and desorption curves allowed for the determination of the sample’s specific surface area.(3)Material properties: In terms of optical properties,we investigated the optical bandgap of the material by the UV-visible absorption spectroscopy.The nano product shows better absorption in the UV-visible region than the other two mophological products.The optical band gap was calculated from the Kubelka-Munk equation for three samples,all around 4.50 e V.In terms of electrochemical properties,the cyclic voltammetry characteristic curves of the three materials were tested,and all three materials prepared were quasi-reversible.The charge and release curves of Cd(OH)Cl samples under the condition of given different current densities were measured,and the specific capacitance of the material was calculated.EIS was performed on the samples to compare the impedance of the three morphologies as well as the charge transfer resistance.The specific capacitance of the material is relatively small and its performance needs to be improved,which provides data support for the follow-up study of this material.