Research On Remote Sensing Monitoring Method Of Urban Ecology Driven By Multiple Factors

The rapid development of urbanization in China has led to the gradual emergence of ecological and environmental problems such as declining air quality,water pollution,and the urban heat island effect.Effectively evaluating the ecological environment of cities has become one of the research hotspots in urban ecology.Previous remote sensing-based urban ecological environment monitoring models(RSEI)mainly considered surface greenness,dryness,wetness,and heat information.However,in the process of urbanization,water pollution and air pollution have become increasingly severe.This study attempts to use the Google Earth Engi ne platform and multiple sources of remote sensing images to construct a multi-factor-driven urban ecological remote sensing monitoring index model,which includes indices characterizing the degree of water pollution and air pollution in addition to the ex isting RSEI.The model is used to monitor and analyze the urban ecological environment quality of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration using Sentinel-2A,Landsat-8,and Sentinel-5P remote sensing data from 2019 and 2022.Considering the impact of urbanization on urban ecological environment quality,this study uses impervious surface as an important indicator to measure the level of urbanization and explores the coupling coordination between impervious surface and urban environmental quality.The m ain results obtained from this study are as follows:(1)The atmospheric pollution index(API)constructed using the main atmospheric pollutants monitored by the Sentinel-5P satellite is incorporated into the RSEI model.Compared with the existing remote sensing monitoring index model,the results of the model with API information involved in the calculation show significant changes in the central area of the city and large water areas,indicating that the effect of air quality in remote sensing monitoring of ecological environment is significant.(2)In view of the shortcomings of the existing RSEI in monitoring the ecological quality of large water areas,this study uses the black and odorous water body index(BOI)to monitor water quality from a remote sensing perspective.The results show that the RSEI model with BOI information can identify differences in water quality in urban water bodies.(3)The average RSEI values in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in 2019 and 2022 are both close to 0.60,indicating that the overall ecological environment in the region is at a relatively high level and relatively stable.In 2019,the coastal pioneering areas and the ecological conservation areas in northwest Hebei were at a moderate level,while the core functional areas around Beijing and Tianjin and the functional expansion areas in central and southern Hebei were at a higher level.In 2022,the ecological environment quality level of the coastal pioneering areas has turned to a higher level,indicating that the ecological environment status of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is generally improving.(4)The analysis of the coordination between the level of urbanization and the quality of the ecological environment shows that in the jurisdiction of Beijing,the leve l of urbanization is high in the central area and low in the peripheral areas.Based on the coupled coordination distance model,the central area is mainly of the ecological environment lag type,and the peripheral area is mainly of the urbanization lag ty pe.The coordination types of Haidian District,Yanqing District,and Fangshan District have all positively transformed.The model constructed in this study incorporates information on greenness,dryness,wetness,heat,atmospheric pollution,and water pollution,and can more comprehensively and objectively reflect the quality of urban ecological environment.It provides a more comprehensive evaluation method for remote sensing monitoring of urban ecological environment.