Evaluation Of Air Quality In AnHUI And Analysis Of Its Influencing Factors

Anhui Province,spanning the Yangtze River,Huaihe River,and Xin’an River,is a key region in the Yangtze River Delta,and also a key region for regional economic development.It has the function of connecting the past with the future and connecting the east with the west.Through the retrieval of data,we can see that most of the current analysis of air pollutants is still in the descriptive stage,as well as the analysis of short-term,single pollutants or partial points,while the research on 6 air pollutants CO,NO₂,O₃,PM₂₅,PM₁₀,SO₂ and their interaction with meteorological factors and socio-economic factors is relatively lacking.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct a multi-scale and multi-time comprehensive analysis of environmental pollution in Anhui Province.Based on the air quality monitoring data of 16 prefecture-level cities of the state-controlled atmospheric monitoring station in Anhui Province from 2019 to2021,this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors of pollutants by combining meteorological factors and socio-economic factors,and uses the analysis methods of spatial autocorrelation,Moran index,cluster analysis,standard deviation ellipse,and Pearson correlation analysis to provide a direction decision-making basis for the subsequent air pollution control in Anhui Province,and the conclusions are as follows:（1）From 2019 to 2021,The concentrations of the six major pollutants had significant temporal trends,and the concentrations of the main pollutants had significant seasonal differences,among which the concentrations of PM_2.5,PM₁₀,CO,SO₂ and NO₂ were the lowest in summer and highest in winter,and O₃ concentrations were highest in summer and lowest in winter.In the atmosphere of major cities and towns in our province,PM_2.5 and O₃ are the mainstay.（2）From the perspective of spatial distribution characteristics,except for a few cities,the concentrations of CO,NO₂,PM₁₀ and SO₂ in Anhui Province decreased significantly compared with 2019 and 2020,indicating that the environmental status has been further improved;O₃ in all provinces except Huainan City has reached the secondary concentration limit range,and only Anqing City,Huangshan City and Tongling City O₃ has reached the primary concentration range;In 2021,the spatial distribution of PM_2.5 concentration in the province has improved,and the PM_2.5concentration in most cities in the province has reached the secondary concentration limit,and there is still a high PM_2.5 concentration in northern Anhui.（3）Through the standard deviation ellipse,it is found that the pollutants PM_2.5,PM₁₀,CO,SO₂,NO₂ and O₃ in the air in 2020-2021 are concentrated from the northwest-southeast direction,the distribution of pollutants in the air in all directions is small,the distribution of air pollutants in the entire region is still mainly northwest-southeast,other directions are weak,and the elliptical axis will gradually move northwest with time.This shows that there is a certain aggregation effect of air pollutants in Anhui Province in the process of diffusion to the north.（4）According to Pearson’s correlation analysis,there were very significant positive and negative correlations among natural factors:CO has a significant negative correlation with precipitation,average temperature,and sunshine duration;NO₂ has a very significant positive correlation with average atmospheric pressure and average wind speed,while NO₂ has a very significant negative correlation with precipitation,average temperature,and sunshine duration;O₃ has a very significant negative correlation with average atmospheric pressure,and a very significant positive correlation with average wind speed and sunshine hours.The most significant positive and negative correlations among economic factors are:CO has a very significant negative correlation with the proportion of the secondary industry and the greening rate of the built up area,while NO₂ has a very significant positive correlation with population density,regional GDP,and total energy consumption;PM₁₀ has a significant positive correlation with total energy consumption.