Study On The Relationship Between The Air Quality And The Development Of Socioeconomics In Gansu Province From 2015 To 2018

Gansu Province,located in the center of the northwestern inland,has a complex and diverse ecological environment,and it is an important ecological barrier in the northwest and even the whole country.At the same time,since“The western development drive”,the industry of Gansu Province which has been vigorously developed results in the fragile ecological environment even more vulnerable.The environmental air pollution problems in some regions have become prominent,and the type of air pollution has gradually changed from“single”to“compound”.Therefore,this paper selects the historical monitoring data of the air quality and air pollutant concentrations of 14 cities and prefectures in Gansu Province from 2015 to 2019 such as PM_2.5,PM₁₀,and so on,and in the meantime obtains the indicators of socio-economic development from the Gansu Development Yearbook from 2015 to 2018.The air quality index,inverse distance weighted method,Spearman rank correlation,and grey correlation analysis method are used to analyze the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of the air quality of 14 cities and prefectures in Gansu Province and their correlations with socioeconomic factors.That is aiming to explore the current air quality of Gansu Province,grasp the change trend of the air quality,study and judge the conformity and adaptability of the air quality and local ecological function areas,and according to its own conditions provide theoretical basis for strengthening the construction of ecological civilization,improving the air quality,building a healthy environment and exploring economic development models suitable for the ecological characteristics of Gansu province.The air quality evaluation results of 14 cities and prefectures showed that the annual average concentrations of PM₁₀,PM_2.5,SO₂,NO₂,and CO in Gansu Province presented a downward trend from 2015 to 2019,and the percentage of excellent days increased.Compared with data in 2015,the air quality of various cities improved to varying degrees.The air quality of Lanzhou and surrounding areas was worse than that of other cities and the air quality of the southeastern cities was better than that of the northwestern cities.Furthermore,the air quality of Longnan was better than that of other cities.The seasonal average values of AQI in Jiayuguan,Jinchang,Zhangye,and Jiuquan were“high in spring and summer,and low in autumn and winter”.The seasonal average values of AQI in other cities were“high in winter and spring,and low in summer and autumn”.Besides,the monthly peak values of the AQI of Jiayuguan,Jinchang,Wuwei,Zhangye,and Jiuquan ranged from March to June and the trough values ranged from September to December.The monthly peak values of the other cities ranged from December to February,and the trough values ranged from August to October.The results of grey correlation analysis showed that population,economic scale,transportation,exhaust gas,and major pollutant emissions,urban greening,and the area of centralized heating in cities had different degrees of impact on the air quality of the cities.The permanent urban population,urbanization rate,and the population density of city districts were the significant influencing factors that affected the air quality of the cities.Among the factors of economic scale,the GDP per capita had the most significant impact on the ambient air quality of Qingyang and Dingxi respectively,and the gross output value of the primary and secondary industries had the most significant impact on the ambient air quality of the other cities.Among the pollutant emission factors,firstly,the emission of industrial waste gas had the most significant impact on the ambient air quality of Lanzhou,Jinchang,Baiyin and Pingliang,secondly,the emission of soot and dust had the most significant impact on the ambient air quality of Jiayuguan and Tianshui,thirdly,the emission of sulfur dioxide had the most significant impact on the ambient air quality of Wuwei,Qingyang,and Longnan,and finally,the emissions of industrial nitrogen oxides and industrial sulfur dioxide were the main factors affecting the air quality of Zhangye and Dingxi respectively.The possession of civil vehicles in the transportation factors had the most significant impact on the ambient air quality of the cities.Except Lanzhou,urban greening factors,such as the area of parks and green land,had a greater impact on the air quality of cities like Jiayuguan and Baiyin than the area of centralized heating in cities.In general,the air quality of Gansu Province improved from 2015 to 2019.The air pollution situation in the 14 cities and prefectures improved significantly,which showed significant spatial and temporal distribution.Various socioeconomic factors had different effects on the air quality of cities at different levels of economic development.