Mineral Fingerprint Profile Of Bactrian Camel Meat Of Inner Mongolia

Bactrian camel is the first choice for the ecological and economic development of desert and grassland,and amount of livestock on hand and slaughter has increased rapidly in recent twenty years.Bactrian camel meat has unique taste and flavor,rich nutrition and certain health care function,and has the advantage of developing high-grade catering and food.However,the nutritional components of camel meat,especially minerals,lack systematic detection data,and the characteristic evaluation based on modern chemometrics has not been carried out.A total of 144 samples of Bactrian camel longissimus dorsi were collected from six core breeding counties of Bactrian camel in Inner Mongolia,and 70 samples of bovine longissimus dorsi were collected for comparative study.Twenty-six mineral elements were detected for descriptive statistics,and the mineral parameters of Bactrian camel meat were obtained.Cluster analysis was carried out on species,varieties,age,sex,feeding methods and producing areas,trying to establish a model for judging the authenticity of Bactrian camel meat feeding methods and tracing the origin.The contents of major elements(X ±SD,mg/100g)in Inner Mongolia Bactrian camel meat were K(428.47 30.69),Na(68.62±9.36),Ca(6.26±0.77)and Mg(43.43 ±2.93).The contents of essential trace elements(X ± SD,mg/kg)were Fe(26.3±0.62),Zn(31.5±0.14),Cu(0.53±0.17),Se(0.10±0.04),Cr(0.14±0.05),Co(0.003±0.001),Mo(0.024±0.01).Cluster analysis showed that Bactrian camel meat and beef samples were clustered separately.K,Na,Ca,Mg,Se,Cr,Mo,Mn and Ni in Bactrian camel meat were significantly higher than those in beef,while Zn,Cu,Pb and Li were significantly lower than those in beef.The meat samples of Alxa and Sunit Bactrian Camel were crossed but had obvious separation trend,but geographical differences could not be ruled out.K,Fe,Cu,Co,Mo,Pb and Cd in Sunit Bactrian camel meat were significantly higher than those in Alxa Bactrian camel meat,while Na,Ca,Se and Cr in Alxa Bactrian camel meat were significantly higher than those in Sunit Bactrian camel meat.The meat samples of 3-year-old and 4-year-old Bactrian camels,4-year-old and≥6-year-old Bactrian camels were crossed,and the meat samples of 5-year-old were clustered separately.The similarity of meat samples of 3-year-old,5-year-old and≥6-year-old Bactrian camels in the same area was 36.23%,and there were obvious differences in mineral characteristics.The contents of Ca,Fe,Zn,Cu,Ag,Sb and Te increased with age.The meat samples of castrated and female camel overlapped but tended to separate.Mg,Fe,Cr,Co and Mo in castrated Bactrian camel meat were significantly higher than those in female Bactrian camel meat.Grazing and supplementary feeding Bactrian camel meat samples overlapped,but the separation trend was obvious.Na,Ca,Mg,Cr and Co in grazing Bactrian camel meat were significantly higher than those in supplementary feeding Bactrian camel meat.Bactrian camel samples from six regions clustered by regions,and the distance accorded with the distance between regions.The results of HCA similarity analysis were consistent with those of PCA and OPLS-DA clustering.The contents of K and Mg in Xilinhot City,Mo in Siziwang Banner,Pb and Cd in Wuchuan County,Fe,Cu and Se in Urat Rear Banner,and Ca and Cr in Alxa Right Banner were significantly higher than those in other five regions(P<0.05).The correct rate of internal and external verification of OPLS-DA and SIMCA discriminant models for feeding methods and regions was high,and the discriminant results were ideal.OPLS-DA model had better discrimination effect than SIMCA model.