Study On Active Components And In Vitro Activity Of The Different Polar Extracts From Of Aroni Melanocarpa

Aronia melanocarpa fruit is rich in proanthocyanidins,anthocyanins,flavonoids,phenolic acids and other active ingredients with anti-oxidation,anti-cancer and other effects.The extraction process,chemical composition,biological activity,simulated gastrointestinal digestion and absorption in vitro of Aronia melanocarpa were systematically studied which provided reference for the development and utilization of Aronia melanocarpa in future.First of all,the simultaneous extraction process of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa fruit was investigated.The optimum extraction process was determined by single factor and orthogonal test.The optimal extraction parameters was obtained as follows:extraction solvent,temperature,extraction time,material-to-liquid ratio and extract times were 50%ethanol solution,80℃,1.5 h,1:65(g/m L)and 2 times respectively which offered the extraction rate of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins to10.37 mg/g and 0.88mg/g,the total extraction rate reached 11.25 mg/g.The ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction process of total phenolic acids from Aronia melanocarpa fruit by natural deep eutectic solvent was investigated.The optimum extraction process was determined by single factor and orthogonal test.The optimal extraction parameters was obtained as follows:deep eutectic solvent,water content,solid-liquid ratio,extraction temperature,ultrasonic power,microwave power and extraction time were malic acid-sucrose(molar ratio 1:1),30%,1:10(g/m L),70℃,450 W,500 W and 25 min respectively which made the total phenolic acid extraction rate reach 83.58 mg/g.Secondly,the contents of proanthocyanidins,anthocyanins,total flavonoids,total saponins and crude polysaccharides in Aronia melanocarpa fruit extract and its different polar extracts were determined by UV method.The contents of neochlorogenic acid,chlorogenic acid,rutin and hyperoside were simultaneously determined by HPLC.According to the methodological investigation,it was proved that the detection method established was feasible.The results showed that the contents of neochlorogenic acid,chlorogenic acid and rutin were the highest in the n-butanol layer,and the content of hyperoside was the highest in the extract.The content of neochlorogenic acid was the lowest in the petroleum ether layer,and the other three components were the lowest in the water layer.Thirdly,the antioxidant capacity in vitro,inhibition to tyrosinase,scavenging ability to nitrite and inhibition ability to xanthine oxidase of Aronia melanocarpa fruit extract and its different polar extracts were tested.The results indicated that all above samples showed corresponding biological activities which presaged that Aronia melanocarpa had potential antioxidant,whitening,anti-tumor and uric acid lowering functions.Finally,simulation in vitro was used to study the absorption of active ingredients in the body after the fruit extract of Aronia melanocarpa was ingested into the human body.The results showed that the highest procyanidin content was found in the Aronia melanocarpa extract,anthocyanin content was the minimum.The content of anthocyanins was the highest in oral digestive fluid,and less in gastric digestive fluid and intestinal dialysate.Proanthocyanidins were found the most abundant in oral digestion which was disappeared in enteric and intestinal dialysate.Polyol refleced the highest content in intestinal digestive fluids,and a significant decrease in intestinal dialysate.The samples cleared hydroxyl and DPPH radicals in similar changing trends.Among them,oral digestive liquid had the strongest antioxidant ability,and intestinal digestive liquid had the weakest antioxidant ability.However,the ABTS~+free radical clearance capacity showed slightly different results.Further investigation is needed to study the ability to remove superoxide anion radicals.