A Study On Flexible Planning:The Experience Of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone

Since the reform and opening-up,China’s market economic have become increasingly active,urban development is changing rapidly,and the uncertain factors faced by cities in the future have greatly increased.As an important tool to deal with the uncertainty of urban development,flexible planning has increasingly become one of the core concepts of urban planning theory and practice.However,China’s urban planning still has the problem of inflexible,and it is difficult to endow urban space with the ability to accommodate changes and maintain long-term vitality.Shenzhen has carried out in-depth exploration in the field of flexible planning,which not only supports the ultra-high-speed development of society and economy,but also ensures the implementation of the planning.It can be said that Shenzhen is an excellent research model in the field of flexible planning in China.For the above reasons,based on the perspective of macro-space,this paper adopts the method of combining theoretical research and case study,takes Shenzhen’s planning practice as the research object,discusses the main flexibility strategies in Shenzhen’s flexible planning practice,and extracts some strategies that can be used for other cities.First of all,starting from the theory,the concept of flexibility in physics is introduced into the field of urban planning,and the relevant basic theories,conceptual connotations,basic principles,control elements,and practical cases of flexible planning are systematically sorted out and discussed.The key of flexible planning is to endow the planning with the ability to adjust,change,and develop,and to adapt to uncertainty.Flexible planning needs to abide by the principles of redundancy,diversity,dynamism,modularity,integrity,and combination of rigidity and flexibility,and be flexible in terms of land use scale,urban structure,urban function,and time.Secondly,using the method of case study,the masterplan practice in Shenzhen is divided into the start-up stage,the incremental stage and the stock stage.Taking the four control dimensions of scale,structure,function and time as the starting point,the planning practice adopted by Shenzhen in different stages is taken as the starting point.The main flexible strategies are refined.The study found that the concept of flexibility runs through the whole process of Shenzhen planning practice,but at different stages there are flexible strategies that adapt to their respective requirements.Thirdly,from the flexible strategies in Shenzhen’s incremental and stock phases,the"extensional flexible strategy" and the "intrinsic flexible strategy" are extracted.The conclusion is that it is necessary to establish a flexible strategy that adapts to the development stage.For cities in the incremental development stage,the focus is on enhancing the flexibility of extension expansion;for cities in the stock development period,it is necessary to focus on enhancing the flexibility of connotation optimization.However,the extensional strategy and the connotative strategy are not separate,and the two sides need to be unified in the whole process of the city’s "start-up-developmentmaturity".Finally,the follow-up research on flexible urban planning is prospected.