Research On Taoist Landscape Architecture And Culture Of "Heaven And Earth In Caves"

Taoist cultural landscape of “Heaven And Earth In Caves ” is a place of life conservation and degree produced by Chinese local beliefs.Since the Han Dynasty,Taoists of all ages have been searching for and constructing the reality around this "Utopian" environment,which is known as "ten caves,thirty-six caves and seventy-two blessed places".They condense the ancient oriental philosophers’ ultimate thinking on the relationship between body and universe,and combine with the ideal landscape pattern in the minds of the ancients to form the ideal environment of "hermit cultivation and health maintenance" recognized by the hermits of past dynasties.They also have a profound impact on the literature and art,landscape painting and landscaping in East Asia.With the rapid development of Chinese Cultural Renaissance,it is necessary for us to study and refine this kind of "Dongtian" landscape which embodies Oriental naturalism and environmental awareness of sustainable development.At present,the academic research on the thought of “Heaven And Earth In Caves ”involves many fields such as philosophy,history,religion and so on.Most of them start with the exploration of Taoist outlook on life and cultural principles as well as ancient Fengshui landscape model,but they have not systematically sorted out the influence and shaping of Taoism’s "return to the matrix,instead of its birth" cultivation thought on its cultivation place and landscape environment,as well as the important value of "cave space prototype" and "cave astronomy".Based on the analysis of the Taoist "three caves" cosmology represented by the Taoist "cave" thought and the Taoist feminist space consciousness of "valuing softness and guarding females",this paper combs the Taoist literature and images on the elaboration and description of Taoist sacred space.Combined with field investigation,it starts from the formation history and evolution of Taoist "cave" and the transformation of "ideal universe concept" to the ideal landscape mode This paper interprets the spatial structure of the local religious and cultural landscape "Hutian" of Taoism in China,analyzes the ethical construction concept of Taoist ecological landscape,the elements of environment and its cultural metaphor,and deeply analyzes the profound influence of Taoist "Dongtian" on the thought and aesthetics of the ancients combined with ancient Chinese Literature and art works and actual cases.It is hoped that the study of Taoist landscape and architecture can provide a solid support for the declaration of "Dongtianfudi" as a world cultural heritage,and provide a historical model for the design of environmental system conducive to human health when human beings are facing the deterioration of global health environment.