Research On The Features And Perception Evaluation Of Plant Landscape In The Public Space Of ’Beautiful Rural’ In Jinan,Shandong Province

From the 18th to the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward a series of important thesis on the construction of beautiful villages,pointing out the right direction for the construction of beautiful villages.With the progress of my country’s economy and society,the construction of beautiful villages has been widely carried out,and people’s attention to rural construction has gradually increased.At the same time,rural residents have put forward higherlevel requirements for the environmental level of public spaces and tourists for the rural landscape.The construction of rural public space landscape is directly related to the appearance of the rural and the happiness index of the rural residents,and the rating is an important indicator of beautiful rural.At the same time,rural construction also faces problems such as the lack of local characteristics,the homogeneity of the landscape,and the monotony of the landscape.Therefore,the construction of a rural public space landscape that has local characteristics and meets the needs of rural residents and tourists is a problem that needs to be paid attention to.The plant landscape of the rural public space has multiple values such as ecology,aesthetics,economy,and culture.It is an important carrier that reflects the overall rural style,maintains the local characteristics,improves the rural ecological environment and reflects the rural culture.Therefore,when conducting rural plant landscape research,starting from the plant landscape characteristics of rural public spaces,summarizing rural plant landscape features and construction methods,and studying the public’s preference for plant landscapes in rural public spaces are of great significance to the construction of beautiful rural plant landscapes.Shandong Province is a major agricultural province,among which Jinan City ranks high in the number of beautiful villages in Shandong Province.Taking Jinan City as the research object is more instructive for the process of constructing beautiful villages in Shandong Province and other similar regions.Therefore,this study takes 28 beautiful provincial-level villages in Jinan City as the research object,and studies the layout characteristics of beautiful villages from three levels: macro,meso,and micro through field investigation and image interpretation methods,which are beautiful rural planning and rural plant landscapes.Provide the basis for systematic research;use field research methods to study the plant species characteristics of 28 beautiful rural public spaces in Jinan City,analyze plant composition characteristics and plant diversity,summarize rural plant species and different types of public space plant configuration patterns,and provide rural public space plants Landscape planning and design provide a reference;use the semantic difference method（SD method）to study the rural landscape perception of rural residents,the use of rural public spaces and the perception of plant landscape characteristics in rural public spaces,and explore the plant landscape preferences and needs of local residents for rural public spaces.The construction of a more suitable human settlement environment provides a reference;the SBE beauty degree evaluation method is used to analyze the public’s preference for rural plant landscapes.Through the study of the beautiful rural space and then the focus of the plant landscape,the analysis of plant landscape characteristics and public perception of the landscape provides references and references for rural plant landscapes in Jinan and similar areas.The main findings are as follows:1.From the village level,the 28 beautiful villages in Jinan are divided into dot-spread rural models and linear extension rural models;from the village level,they are divided into mountain-based,waterbased,mountain-based,and water-based models based on geographic location.Roadside villages can be divided into plain,low-mountain and hilly and mountainous villages according to topographical characteristics,and divided into industrial development,ecological protection,cultural heritage and leisure tourism villages according to the development model;rural public spaces can be divided There are three types of space: point,line and surface.2.After investigation,there are 415 species of vascular plants,including 294 genera and 89 families,were found in 28 beautiful villages public spaces in Jinan.The number ratio of species of trees: shrubs: herbs: lianas was 2.6:2.0:8.3:1.Compositae and Rosaceae were the dominant families,accounting for 14.70% and 9.40%,respectively.And the cultivated plants accounted for 74.35%.Among all plants,the top five plant species in terms of application frequency are:Styphnolobium japonicum>Buxus megistophylla>Rosa chinensis>Juglans regia>Prunus cerasifera f.at ropurpurea;the top 5 plants in the ranking of importance from high to low: Buxus megistophylla,> Styphnolobium japonicum > Rosa chinensis > Ligustrum × vicaryi >Photinia × fraseri.The richness index and Simpson dominance index ranged from large to small is: tree layer,shrub layer,herb layer;the Shannon-Weiner diversity index ranged from large to small is :tree layer,herb layer,shrub layer;pielou uniformity index from large to small is :tree layer,shrub layer,herb layer.It shows that the arbor layer plants are widely used in rural public space.The plant communities of the 28 Beautiful Villages have little similarity,but each has its own characteristics.3.The 28 Beautiful Villages in Jinan can be divided into 7 types of space and 19 types of plant landscape.Among the dot-shaped public space plant landscape,the rural entrance space plant landscape includes three types: transition type,symbol type and direct type.The plant landscape of street intersection includes three types: group planting,coupled planting,and single planting,and the plant landscape of house side space includes three types: landscape type,vegetable garden type and mixed type.In the plant landscape of linear public space,the plant landscape of street and lane space includes two types: unilateral greening and bilateral greening,and the plant landscape of waterfront space includes two types: surface planting and shore planting.In the plant landscape of areal public space,the plant landscape of the square includes three types: the surrounding type,the central type and the compound type,and the plant landscape of the country park includes three types: open type,sparse type and dense type.4.Residents of 28 beautiful villages in Jinan have a high overall satisfaction with the rural landscape,which is expressed as artificial landscape>natural landscape>intangible landscape.Among them,Xiaqinzi Village has the highest satisfaction with the rural landscape;attention to the plant landscape in the public space is the line Space-like plant landscape>Point-like space plant landscape>Planar-like space plant landscape,among which the square plant landscape is the most concerned.In the evaluation of plant landscape perception,the higher-evaluated indicators include native characteristics,natural wild interest and the sense of order of plant landscapes,while the lower-evaluated indicators include urbanization atmosphere,planting amount and seasonal changes of plant landscapes;the analysis indicators extract atmospheric factors and formal factors There are 5 vegetation factors,experience factors and space factors,among which the atmosphere factor has the greatest impact on the residents’ perception of plant landscape.5.The overall judgment comparison of the plant landscape in different public spaces of 28 beautiful villages in the public is: park plant landscape> waterfront plant landscape> road street and lane plant landscape> street intersection plant landscape> house next to the plant landscape> rural entrance plant landscape> square plant For landscape,the public is more inclined to plant landscapes full of natural wild interest,neatness and order,and obvious changes in the four seasons;the establishment of the landscape model is Y_SBE=-0.952+0.092X₇（green coverage）+ 0.118X₉（viewing characteristics）+ 0.140X₄（artistic conception）,of which the green coverage rate has the highest contribution to the evaluation value of the landscape beauty.