| The land spatial planning at the county level is a key link in the framework of the "five levels and three categories" land spatial planning system.As the implementation layer of previous plans,the county level has overlapping boundaries of various spatial plans and conflicting planning indicators.However,at present,the relevant norms and standards for the preparation of county-level land spatial planning have not been unified,and our country has a vast territory,and there are thousands of differences among counties,which brings great difficulties to the preparation of county-level land spatial planning.Under this background,taking Huachi County,Gansu Province,an underdeveloped county in the west,as an example,this paper studies the theory and method of the preparation of the county-level land spatial master plan with the logical framework of "raising questions – theoretical research – empirical research – summary and Outlook".The research focus of this paper is to systematically understand the main theories and methods of county-level land space master planning through participating in specific planning practice.On the basis of in-depth study of individual cases,this paper compares and analyzes with other similar limited planning cases,and summarizes the general planning support theory and methods of county-level land space master planning.Secondly,taking Huachi County as an empirical case,this paper discusses the system architecture of the application of new technologies and methods in the countylevel land space master planning,aiming to combine theory with practice and provide theoretical basis and method support for the preparation of the county-level land space master planning.The main body of this paper consists of two parts: basic theoretical methods and empirical research.The first part of the paper is the discussion of basic theories and methods,including the first and second chapters.It mainly expounds the basis and research background of the paper,analyzes the practice and research progress of spatial planning at home and abroad,and designs the paper;By combing and summarizing the theoretical support,method support and planning content framework of county-level land spatial planning,this paper constructs a theoretical method system for the preparation of county-level land spatial master planning.The first chapter of the paper,based on the research background,carried out the relevant research progress and practice analysis,determined the research direction and research problems,carried out the topic selection demonstration and design,and explained the research work and main data sources of the paper.By analyzing relevant literature,policies and typical cases at home and abroad,combing the development context,policy evolution and research practice progress of China’s land spatial planning,especially focusing on the relevant progress of county-level land spatial planning,it is found that China’s land spatial planning still has outstanding problems such as insufficient legal protection,lack of practical experience,standardized basic methods have not been formed,and the basic form of achievements has not been finalized,It has seriously restricted the exertion of the advantages of land spatial planning.Looking at the existing domestic research on land spatial planning:(1)the theoretical basis is weak and not systematic,which increases the difficulty of land spatial planning;(2)There are few research results to analyze the corresponding planning implementation problems combined with specific practical cases and refine the universality experience;(3)The interdisciplinary methods of cross integration and innovative exploration need to be strengthened.From the perspective of relevant research on county-level land spatial planning,research hotspots mainly focus on "double evaluation","three zones and three lines",functional zoning,etc.,and systematic research is relatively lacking.The second chapter combs the main basic theories and guiding ideology of the county-level land space master planning,summarizes the characteristics and compilation methods of the county-level land space master planning,and expounds the content framework of the county-level land space master planning.The overall land and space planning at the county level is an effective way to promote "multi compliance and integration" at the county level and the basis for achieving refined spatial governance.Systematization is the most important feature,and the low-carbon ecological and resilience planning is the general direction.The main methods of county-level land spatial planning come from urban and rural planning research methods,main function planning research methods,land use planning research methods,ecological function zoning methods and regional planning methods.The content framework of the countylevel land spatial master plan includes:(1)the database construction of a base map and a blueprint;(2)Evaluation and optimization of county territory space;(3)County town system planning;(4)Support system planning for county development;(5)County main function and industrial spatial planning;(6)County Ecological Protection and restoration planning;(7)County spatial comprehensive development planning;(8)Overall optimization direction of central urban space.The discussion of basic theories and methods in the first part of the paper has made sufficient preparation for the empirical study of the overall land and space planning of Huachi County in the second part of the paper,and provided research ideas and basic methods.The second part is about the application of theoretical methods and the discussion of key technologies,including three and four chapters.The third chapter is the evaluation and optimization of land space resources and environment.It explores and applies the method framework of land space background evaluation-ecological security pattern network construction-land space optimization.This is the key new technology of land space master planning discussed in this paper.Firstly,from the perspective of production life ecological three generation space,the paper takes "three generation space division-three generation space suitability assessment-three generation conflict space identification and diagnosis" as the logical framework to identify the important ecological protection areas,agricultural production suitable areas and urban construction suitable areas in Huachi County,as well as the potential conflict areas of ecological protection,food security and economic development in the future,Three spatial governance units are divided according to the leading functions.Secondly,the mature linkage mapper tool,LCM model and invest model are introduced into the study of county land spatial master planning.With the help of the linkage mapper tool,the ecological security network pattern of Huachi County is constructed.The LCM model is used to simulate the spatial distribution pattern of production,life and ecology under the three scenarios of ecological space protection,living space expansion and production space development in Huachi County.Based on the scenario simulation and optimization of land space,the optimization scheme and measures of land space coordination between protection and development are put forward.The fourth chapter discusses the system architecture and methods of Huachi County’s land spatial planning from four aspects: the urban system,the urban and rural support and guarantee system,the overall optimization of the central city space and the comprehensive strategy of the county space.Firstly,the paper discusses the ecological town system and important supporting system planning of Huachi County.The paper constructs the development mode of landscape characteristic ecological town of "ecological county + ecological town and village + ecological community",and puts forward that the key to the development of Ecological Urbanization in Huachi County is to develop a centralized hierarchical scale structure,a characteristic urban function system and a multi center network ecological urban-rural spatial structure.Transportation network,water system,green energy system,power communication system and disaster prevention and reduction system are important supports for the ecological urban system.Secondly,it discusses the direction of spatial optimization in the central urban area of Huachi County.The development goal of the central urban area of Huachi County is to build a central urban area that integrates mountains and rivers,is intensive,economical and ecologically livable.The spatial optimization should be improved towards the optimization of the banded cluster mode,and the central urban area should be cultivated into the economic growth pole of the whole county.Finally,it discusses the comprehensive development strategy of county space in Huachi County.The future development of Huachi County will focus on building a green and innovative development model of "processing of characteristic agricultural and sideline products-recycling low-carbon industries-red tourism" based on the advantages of tourism resources,oil resources and ecological resources,so as to improve the degree of opening to the outside world.The fifth chapter is the conclusion and outlook of the paper,which combs the main conclusions,summarizes the research characteristics and innovations,and defines the key direction of future research.Finally,the practice feedback and theory,summed up the revolutionary characteristics of county-level land spatial planning.There are three characteristics and innovations in this paper: first,it summarizes the main theoretical methods and content system of the county-level land space master planning at the theoretical level,enriching the theoretical research of the county-level land space master planning.Second,at the method level,with the help of GIS spatial analysis technology,linkage mapper tool,LCM model,invest model,etc.,a set of systematic methods for land spatial background assessment,ecological security pattern construction and land spatial optimization are constructed,which improves the scientificity of the overall land spatial planning at the county level,and can provide ideas and reference for the preparation of land spatial planning at the county level in similar regions.Third,this study closely tracks the theoretical methods of the practice frontier,just like eating "fresh crab".Although the discussion is immature and imperfect,it is of positive significance for the completion of the new round of land and space planning tasks and the training of new planning talents. |
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