Research On Path Optimization For Hazardous Materials Transportation Considering Driving Risk

With the rapid development of economy,the development scale of chemical enterprises rises rapidly,and the types and quantity of hazardous materials directly serving industrial development,national defense construction and people’s life are increasing,which brings great development space for the industry of the hazardous materials transportation.Due to the characteristics of hazardous materials,once an accident occurs during the hazardous materials transportation,it is easy to cause large casualties and property losses.China’s hazardous materials transportation market is dominated by road transportation.As decision-maker and operator in the driving process,drivers will take wrong driving behavior when they have a wrong understanding of the potential risk in the objective conditions,which will lead to traffic accidents.At the same time,the aggressive behavior and bad driving habits of drivers are also one of the main causes of traffic accidents.Therefore,it is necessary to consider the driving risk in the risk evaluation of hazardous materials transportation.The government takes safety as the primary concern,while enterprises also pay attention to its economy.It is of great practical significance to formulate safe and economic transportation schemes for hazardous materials.This paper mainly studies the vehicle routing problem for hazardous materials transportation considering driving risk.The research problem is divided into one-to-one transportation problem and one-to-many distribution problem according to whether there are multiple demand points and whether the vehicle returns the distribution center.Based on the existing research on hazardous materials transportation risk,transportation cost,algorithm and driving risk,combining the investigation of enterprises and drivers,analyzing and processing the transportation data of a regional branch of Petro China in 2020.Firstly,it puts forward the key indicators affecting driving risk from the three aspects of people,vehicles and environment,establishes the driving risk evaluation system.Based on the analytic hierarchy process(AHP),the driving risk evaluation model is to be established to determine the influence weight of different factors.Solve the index weight,and finally get the driving risk evaluation model.A transportation risk assessment model is constructed based on such factors as driving risk,accident probability,and so on.Transportation cost are calculated from five aspects: fuel,transportation,manpower,materials and maintenance.A model of vehicle routing for hazardous materials transportation considering driving risk and a model of vehicle routing problem with time window for hazardous materials distribution considering driving risk are established,and a non-dominated genetic algorithm is designed to solve the model.The validity of the model and algorithm is verified by a case.The research results show that the routes of hazardous materials transportation can be further optimized and the number of options for decision-maker can be increased under the consideration of driving risk.The decision-maker and distribution center can choose the best transportation solution or the best combination of drivers from the Pareto-optimal set according to the drivers with different driving risk and their preference for objectives.