Research On Railway Monitoring System Based On MEMS Sensor

Railway is the important bearer of transportation even more the lifeblood of economic development.The speed and affordability of railway transportation increasing,the railway structure bears enormous load.At present,a large number of facts show that the overspeed and the rail fasteners fall off can easily lead to the destruction of the track and the derailment.Most existing railway monitoring systems are based on video or image processing,which cannot carry out continuous real-time monitoring of the railway.Meanwhile,these systems can only realize the detection of train running parameters or the change of track structure state independently,without effectively combining the two side.With the development of MEMS technology and Internet of things communication technology,MEMS sensors are widely used in various vibration detection systems due to their small size,low cost and low power consumption.Hereby,design and build a railway monitoring system by MEMS acceleration sensor,detect vibration acceleration data of rail under train wheels excitation,and then uploaded to the cloud server real time analysis data to obtained parameters of the train and changes of the rail track,make sure railway maintenance departments can respond in a timely manner.The specific work and corresponding research results are as follows:Firstly,analyzed the railway track monitoring system at domestic and overseas,combined with basic theory,designed a hardware system for detecting rail vibration acceleration composed of MEMS acceleration sensor(ADXL345)and ARM microcontroller(STM32F103RET6).It has some benefit characteristics like passive,wireless and low-cost.Secondly,combined with the software system for data acquisition and data transmission,Data is uploaded to cloud servers via Narrow Band Internet of Things(NBIoT)then analysis and processing the data stored in the MySQL database.At the same time,the visual display interface based on DataV is used to display data and analysis results in real time.Finally,designed algorithm for train operation parameter detection and rail track structure change detection respectively,experiment at the iron mountain bridge group co.,LTD and Datong-Qinhuangdao Railway field,the monitoring system proposed in this paper is verified by laboratory experiment and outdoor experiment.Results show that the railway monitoring system based on MEMS,can accurately measure the train running speed,statistical cumulative traffic volume and identify rail fastener off state,it has a significant benefit for railway daily monitoring.It is an effective way to realize the monitor of long-distance railway state real time and maintenance regular.