The Variable Design Of Rural Residential Space In The Suburbs Of Changsha Based On Open Building Theory

With the continuous advancement of rural revitalization and urban-rural integration,great changes have taken place in the social economy,industrial structure,and population structure of rural areas.Especially the suburban area,its unique geographical location,fast transportation network,and better infrastructure construction level make the overall economic development level and industrial structure of this area significantly different from other rural areas.Suburban villages transform from traditional small-scale agricultural economy to diversified industrial structure,the production mode of villagers has also changed from a single agricultural production to a production mode in which agricultural production coexists with corporate labor and tourism management.All these require rural residences to be able to adapt to the changing needs of villagers,while existing residences face many problems,such as the mismatch between functional space and diversified industries,and the rigidity and lack of variability of residence types.In response to this problem,optimizing the design of rural residences in suburban areas is of great significance for promoting rural revitalization and development.This thesis takes rural residences in the suburbs of Changsha as the research object and introduces Open Architecture Theory into the variable design of rural residences.Firstly,this thesis summarizes the emergence,development,and research status of Open Building Theory in China and abroad,then sorts out its theoretical key points and operating system.It provides theoretical support for applying it to the design of rural residences in the suburbs of Changsha.Secondly,according to the results of field research,the rural residences in the suburbs of Changsha are divided into four categories:agricultural,agricultural-business development,business and residential,and compared and analyzed the four types of residences from the three levels of residential layout,spatial organization,and functional room characteristics.According to the results of the questionnaire survey,the problem that the existing residential space does not match the living and business needs of the villagers is summarized.This problem includes the low privacy of additional bedrooms,unsatisfactory parking needs,lack of consideration for the elderly’s bedrooms,and the inability to meet the needs of intergenerational adjacent living separately.Moreover,rural residence cannot meet the rural tourism demand,and living space is seriously affected by the business space.Then,in view of the actual problems,this thesis analyzes the villagers’living and production needs.This thesis analyzes and summarizes the daily needs of villagers,intergenerational living needs and living needs of the elderly from three aspects:different ages,different family structures,and different main sources of family income.This thesis analyzes and summarizes the production needs of villagers from five aspects:agricultural production,shop operation,rural tourism business,maker office and enterprise work.Finally,the design method of open building theory is applied to the design of rural residential space in the suburbs of Changsha.According to the limitation of the residential site area,three prototype plans of rural residences of 100 m2,120 m2 and 140 m2 are proposed.And according to the needs of the villagers,through the methods of space replacement,merging and splitting.A total of 19 variable examples of 7 types,including intergenerational separation living type,enterprise working type,agricultural production type,shop operation type,catering service type,tourism accommodation type and maker office type,were proposed to provide reference for suburban rural housing design.