Study On The Gate Hall Architecture Of Shanhua Monastery In Datong

The gate hall of the Shanhua Monastery in Datong,Shanxi Province is a largescale official-style building completed in the early Jin Dynasty.It is one of the oldest extant Jin Dynasty buildings.It is one of the few palatial hall-style wooden buildings in China.located in the western capital of Jin Dynasty,the wooden structure style of the gate hall of the Shanhua Monastery is very different from the large number of Liao and Jin buildings of the same period in Datong and northern Shanxi,but it is highly consistent with the architectural style of Bianliang,the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.Therefore,the gate hall of the Shanhua Monastery can reflect the architectural achievements and aesthetic characteristics of the Northern Song Dynasty in the early 12 th century.The configuration of Zujian shuangbujian Puzuo of the gate hall is an isolated example in the remains of large-scale buildings before the Yuan Dynasty.The gate hall of the Shanhua Monastery is an important example to understand the official architecture in the late Northern Song Dynasty.At the same time,the high degree of time-space dislocation shown by its wooden structure style is also of great significance for the exploration of the history of architecture and architectural technology.Based on the questions raised above,this small dissertation is determined to be divided into five parts to conduct a multi-angle study on the gate hall of the Shanhua Monastery: The history of the establishment and changes of Shanhua Monastery,the design of Shanhua Monastery’s building complex with the gate hall as the core,the wooden structure design of he gate hall of the Shanhua Monastery and the composition ratio of the wooden structure,the wood structure style type of the gate hall of the Shanhua Monastery and its technical origin,the layered bracket set structure type of the gate hall of the Shanhua Monastery and the palatial hall of Song and Yuan Dynasties.The first chapter of the paper sorts out the thousand-year historical context of Shanhua Monastery establishment,revival,continuation and restoration.The second chapter interprets the architectural layout and architectural group design of Shanhua Monastery with the gate hall as the core.The third chapter,based on the detailed surveying and mapping data,determines the construction scale modulus of the gate hall and builds the ideal model of the gate hall in “fen°”.At the same time,the paper discusses the length of the rafters,the distance between the bracket sets,the size of the bays and other conditions that limit the wooden frame of the gate hall.The design points out the digital proportions and composition rules in the large wooden frame of the mountain gate.The paper also points out the digital proportion and composition law in the wooden frame of the gate hall.The fourth chapter analyzes the characteristics of the beam frame and bracket sets of the gate hall of Shanhua Monastery,and at the same time combs the evolution law of the wooden structure in the Song,Liao,Jin and Yuan dynasties in the northern Jin area,and points out that the change of the wooden structure of the gate hall is pre-emptive in time and space.The article also supplements the technical origin of the gate hall of and the dissemination of architectural technology in the Song and Jing Dynasties through the Lan’e Yueliang Zao,the most absolutely sensitive architectural form.The fifth chapter takes the gate hall of Shanhua Monastery as the basic starting point,combined with the architectural examples in Song,Jin and Yuan periods,and studies the paving layer structure of the palatial hall.At the same time,this chapter focuses on the many changes brought by the configuration of Zujian shuangbujian Puzuo to the layering,aesthetics and construction rules of the pavilion.At the same time,this chapter focuses on the many changes brought about by the Zujian shuangbujian Puzuo configuration to the bracket set form,aesthetics and timber construction standards of the palatial hall.Further,this chapter explores the inferences from Yingzao fashi for the ideal 110 “fen°” distance between the bracket sets.The gate of Shanhua Temple reflects the meticulous design logic of high-level palace buildings in the 12 th century,and it is also a rare real historical coordinate in the early stages of the cross-regional spread of architectural technology and the change of wooden structure in the Song and Jin Dynasties.Meanwhile,it is also a direct window to understand the wooden structure style of official buildings in the late Northern Song Dynasty.