Study On Ultrasonic Array Transducer With Conical Guide Structure

Underwater acoustic transducer and underwater vehicle are essential equipment in ocean exploration.In order to better detect Marine resources and environment and collect military information,various researches on underwater acoustic transducer and underwater vehicle have been carried out at home and abroad.However,at present,the domestic research on underwater vehicles started late,and the development level is limited.Most of the research on underwater vehicles’ deflector is planar or ellipsoidal,and the research on conical deflector structure is less,and the research on underwater acoustic transducers suitable for conical deflector structure is lack.In view of this,a design scheme of ultrasonic array transducer with conical deflector structure is proposed in this paper.The common deflector with circular,oval or planar shape is changed to conical design,and an array transducer with conical deflector structure is developed to make it suitable for underwater high-speed vehicle.Based on the design of conical flow diversion structure,the piezoelectric transducer based on piezoelectric ceramic small column array and the longitudinal vibration transducer based on longitudinal vibration composite rod array are developed and their performance is tested.By using finite element simulation software,the transducer model was established,the performance simulation and design optimization were carried out,and the overall sound field distribution of the transducer was analyzed.On this basis,a transducer prototype and a transducer testing system were developed to test the influence of the conical deflector on the transducer acoustic performance and its various characteristics.According to theoretical analysis,and combined with the finite element simulation results,the design and manufacture the piezoelectric transducer with a conical dome prototype and longitudinal vibration transducer prototype,and set up the related test system,the acoustic properties of two transducer prototype measurement study conducted a comprehensive experiment,silencing waters of the experimental results show that: The prototype piezoelectric conical transducer has a resonant frequency of 96 k Hz,a directional width of-6 d B of 24°,and a transmission voltage response of 133 d B.The working bandwidth of the longitudinal vibration cone transducer prototype is 45-70 k Hz,the directivity width of-6 d B is 26°,the transmission voltage response is 161.5 d B,and the fluctuation in the band is within±3 d B.The results show that the prototype test results are in good agreement with the simulation results.The directivity and transmission voltage response of the transducer meet the requirements of the use,the temperature cycle test and vibration and impact test results are good.The longitudinal vibration transducer has higher transmission voltage response and wider working bandwidth than the piezoelectric transducer.The tapered fairing will narrow the directional width of the transducer by about 5° and slightly reduce the transmission voltage response.The results show that the whole structure of the transducer has practical feasibility.