Research On Data Storage And Sharing Scheme Of Virtual Power Plant Based On Blockchain

The Virtual Power Plant is one of the core technologies for realizing a new power grid.Its key challenge lies in providing real-time,reliable,and accurate data information flow through a distributed energy management system to the virtual power plant’s data exchange and processing center.This coordination enables effective management of the conflicts between smart grids and distributed energy resources and maximizes the value and benefits of distributed energy for the grid and users.Currently,virtual power plant data is predominantly stored in a centralized manner,which poses significant drawbacks.Firstly,centralized data storage is vulnerable to attacks,leading to data loss and compromising the security of distributed energy information,thereby severely impacting the safe operation of virtual power plants.Secondly,due to the need for more efficient and secure channels for data sharing,data sharing primarily serves internal scheduling and transactions within the virtual power plant,while external entities such as governments,businesses,and academic research institutions need channels for sharing high-value data.Consequently,effectively achieving secure internal data storage and external data sharing for virtual power plants becomes a critical challenge in this field.The main works of this thesis are summarized as follows.Firstly,the traditional centralized storage of virtual power plants is transformed into a decentralized storage solution based on blockchain,aiming to address the "single point of failure" issue in traditional approaches.The proposed solution introduces a distributed storage model based on the Inter Planetary File System(IPFS),employing a combination of off-chain and on-chain storage modes.A smart contract-based access control model is constructed by leveraging a hybrid approach that combines proxy re-encryption technology and smart contracts.Performance analysis demonstrates that this solution effectively avoids issues such as increased storage pressure on nodes and blockchain expansion caused by storing all data on-chain,significantly reducing the maintenance and storage costs of the blockchain while improving data processing speed.Moreover,this model allows authorized users to securely share data,ensuring data privacy and security across distributed energy.Secondly,a distributed storage and sharing system tailored for virtual power plants is designed and implemented based on the above solution.This system utilizes a consortium blockchain network and is structured into four layers: the blockchain network layer,smart contract layer,business layer,and presentation layer.The module design encompasses user management,data storage,and data sharing modules.Specifically,the data storage module encrypts data using the AES encryption algorithm.It stores it in IPFS combined with edge computing servers,achieving distributed and localized virtual power plant data storage.The data sharing module,employing smart contracts and proxy re-encryption technology,allows for the authorization of ciphertext without the involvement of trusted third-party institutions.This module realizes access control for internal and external access to virtual power plant data,ensuring secure data sharing.The performance analysis indicates that the system effectively withstands internal and external security attacks,demonstrating practical value.