Effect Of High-speed Rail Opening On Industrial Structure Optimization And Upgrade

The transformation and progress of transportation modes are important factors guiding the production and life of human society,as well as the improvement and innovation of corresponding transportation modes.They are also important driving forces for promoting economic and social development and industrial restructuring and upgrading.With the rapid development of economic level and technological strength,high-speed rail has become an important milestone in the transformation of transportation modes in various countries around the world.The opening and operation of high-speed rail have profoundly changed the time and spatial distance between cities,reshaping the industrial structure within the city.After the opening of high-speed railway,the reachability between cities has been improved and the transportation cost has been reduced,which has accelerated the transfer of labor force.Industrial enterprises have re selected locations to move to surrounding cities in order to reduce costs and improve profits.The change in the geographical location of enterprises has affected the distribution pattern of industries,and ultimately changed the industrial structure within the city.As of 2022,the vast majority of cities in China have completed the construction,opening,and operation of high-speed rail,and the development of high-speed rail cities has entered a fast lane.With the extension of high-speed rail lines and the increase in the number of high-speed rail stations,the connections between cities have become increasingly close,promoting communication and integration between areas along the line and densely populated cities,forming a series of industrial and economic belts.As of the end of 2022,the total operating mileage of China’s high-speed rail has reached 42000 kilometers,far exceeding the previous planning goal,and the total operating mileage of high-speed rail has steadily ranked first in the world.From the perspective of new railway lines put into operation,according to statistics,a total of 4100 kilometers of new railway lines were put into operation in China in 2022,including 2082 kilometers of high-speed railway lines,successfully completing the annual railway construction task.From the perspective of historical planning,the actual mileage of high-speed rail construction has exceeded the planned mileage,and investment in high-speed rail construction is expected to continue to remain high in the future.In order to achieve steady macroeconomic growth,cities must reasonably allocate production factors within the city to achieve optimization and upgrading of industrial structure,forming an integrated pattern of social,economic,and environmental development.Therefore,this article studies the impact of the opening of high-speed rail on the optimization and upgrading of urban internal industrial structure,which has significant practical significance for assisting in the optimization and upgrading of urban industrial structure and promoting the improvement of urban economic level.After sorting out relevant research literature,this paper constructs a research framework,and first measures the level of industrial structure upgrading and rationalization by using panel data such as the high-speed railway opening situation,the output value of the primary,secondary and tertiary industries,the employed population,and urban characteristics of 282 prefecture level cities in China from 2007 to 2020.Second,it constructs a multi period double difference model,respectively from the overall industrial structure,the industrial structure of sub regional cities From the perspective of economic scale,urban industrial structure,as well as different levels of financial autonomy and human capital,multidimensional analysis is conducted to investigate the heterogeneous impact of high-speed rail opening on the upgrading and rationalization of urban industrial structure.Through empirical research using a multiperiod double difference model,it was found that the opening of high-speed rail has a significant positive promoting effect on the rationalization and upgrading of the industrial structure of all sample cities,that is,the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure;In the sample analysis,the opening of high-speed rail has the greatest promoting effect on the upgrading and rationalization of industrial structure in central cities,while it has the smallest promoting effect on the upgrading and rationalization of industrial structure in eastern cities.The opening of high-speed rail has a more significant promoting effect on the industrial structure of cities with lower economic scales.The opening of high-speed rail has a greater promoting effect on the rationalization of industrial structure in cities with higher local government financial autonomy,and a greater promoting effect on the upgrading of industrial structure in cities with lower local government financial autonomy.The opening of high-speed rail has a more significant promoting effect on the upgrading and rationalization of industrial structure in cities with low human capital.In addition,this paper also proposes that the location transfer of industrial enterprises above the designated size is a possible intermediate variable for the high-speed rail opening to affect the urban industrial structure,and conducts an empirical test by constructing a mesomeric effect model.The empirical results show that the high-speed rail opening has significantly promoted the transfer of industrial enterprises above the designated size of cities to surrounding cities,and the reduction of the number of industrial enterprises above the designated size has promoted the upgrading and rationalization of the industrial structure,The opening of high-speed rail aims to promote the relocation of industrial enterprises above designated size to other cities,and achieve the high-level and rational development of local urban industrial structure.Finally,based on the results of empirical analysis,this article proposes some policy recommendations for the optimization and development of the national urban industrial structure under the background of the high-speed rail opening policy:cities should seize the historical opportunity of the high-speed rail development,strive to achieve rationalization of factor resource allocation,improve the efficiency of factor resource utilization,and promote the sustained and stable economic development and industrial structure optimization and upgrading of local cities.