Spatial And Temporal Distribution Characteristics Of Xiangxi Prefecture’s Cultural Heritage And Construction Of Its Spatial Protection Network System

Cultural heritage,bearing the genes and blood of the Chinese nation,has extremely strong historical and cultural connotation and profound national spirit,which is a true witness of the long history and endless growth of national culture.Xiangxi Prefecture is a typical settlement of ethnic minorities with rich and unique cultural heritage,which is of high research value.However,with the rapid development of economy,the acceleration of urbanization and the change of people’s living environment,cultural heritage and regional cultural characteristics are disappearing at an accelerated pace.Therefore,it is particularly important to study the protection of regional cultural heritage.Taking Xiangxi Prefecture’s cultural heritage as the research object,this paper carried out a study on the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the cultural heritage in Xiangxi Prefecture and its spatial protection network through qualitative analysis methods such as literature review and quantitative analysis tools such as ArcGIS.The main research results are as follows:(1)Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics:The total cultural heritage of Xiangxi Prefecture shows an obvious spatial aggregation pattern,with concentrated distribution in Yongshun County,Longshan County and Fenghuang County;In Baojing County,Jishou City and Fenghuang County,there was an obvious high density distribution area;Combined with the history of regional social changes,the cultural heritage of Xiangxi Prefecture is reclassified into five historical periods,in which the cultural heritage from prehistory to the Southern and Northern Dynasties is distributed in an aggregated manner,and the cultural heritage of Sui and Tang Dynasties--Song Dynasties,Yuan and Ming Dynasties--early Qing Dynasty,mid-late Qing Dynasty and modern and modern times are distributed along with each other.The distribution of cultural heritage in each period has a certain imbalance and concentration,the Yuan Ming-early Qing period due to the increase of cultural heritage,the imbalance is the most significant,the middle and late Qing cultural heritage concentration is the most significant.Fenghuang County has a high density heritage distribution area in several historical periods.With the development of the historical period,the spatial and temporal distribution of Xiangxi Prefecture’s cultural heritage shows an increasingly obvious trend of "east-north--south-west".(2)Influencing factors of spatial and temporal distribution:The cultural heritages of Xiangxi Prefecture are mainly distributed in hilly areas with a large population,especially among ethnic minorities,a 5km buffer zone on the road,good economic development,woodland or cultivated land,rich folk culture resources,and hills 200～500m above sea level with slopes of 5～15°.Small undulating terrain with relief of 70～200m and river within the 2km buffer zone.Through comprehensive comparison of influencing factors,it is found that slope and economic development have little impact on the distribution of cultural heritage in Xiangxi Prefecture.(3)In terms of the construction of the spatial protection network system,firstly,it carried out very important,relatively important,important and general classification screening and value evaluation for all the cultural heritage nodes in Xiangxi Prefecture.Secondly,by comprehensive use of Python technology and Ucient analysis,five heritage clusters with potential for heritage integration and protection in Xiangxi Prefecture are defined:Fenghuang Cluster,Shilan-Shuanglong-Aizhai sub-cluster,Lingxi sub-cluster,Liye sub-cluster and Murong sub-cluster.Thirdly,the weight of the resistance factors of suitability evaluation in heritage corridor eonstraction was determined by using the geographical detector.Then,three first-level cultural heritage corridors in Xiangxi Prefecture were constructed by combining the suitability evaluation results with the MCR model.Then,the ArcGIS tool was used to delimit the main gathering areas of important cultural heritage by weighted kernel density assessment.Finally,it has formed a spatial protection network of "three districts,three corridors,five groups and multiple points" of Xiangxi Prefecture’s cultural heritage,and put forward targeted protection and development strategies from the dimensions of area,corridor,cluster and node of the cultural heritage.The research results will supplement the overall spatial research of Xiangxi Prefecture’s cultural heritage and provide a reference for the protection and activation of Xiangxi Prefecture’s cultural heritage and the inheritance and development of national culture.